महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-336, verse-73

कामं देवाश्च ऋषयः सत्त्वस्था नृपसत्तम ।
हीनाः सत्त्वेन सूक्ष्मेण ततो वैकारिकाः स्मृताः ॥७३॥

73. kāmaṁ devāśca ṛṣayaḥ sattvasthā nṛpasattama ,
hīnāḥ sattvena sūkṣmeṇa tato vaikārikāḥ smṛtāḥ.

73. kāmam devāḥ ca ṛṣayaḥ sattvasthā nṛpasattama
hīnāḥ sattvena sūkṣmeṇa tataḥ vaikārikāḥ smṛtāḥ

73. nṛpasattama,
devāḥ ca ṛṣayaḥ sattvasthā (api) sūkṣmeṇa sattvena hīnāḥ,
tataḥ kāmam vaikārikāḥ smṛtāḥ

73. O best among kings, even the gods and sages, although established in the quality of goodness (sattva), are indeed regarded as modifications (vaikārikāḥ) because they are devoid of the subtle essence (sattva).

Words meanings summery:

• कामम् (kāmam) - indeed, certainly (indeed, certainly, verily)

• देवाः (devāḥ) - gods

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• ऋषयः (ṛṣayaḥ) - sages (sages, seers)

• सत्त्वस्था (sattvasthā) - established in the quality of goodness (sattva) (situated in sattva, firm in goodness)

• नृपसत्तम (nṛpasattama) - O best among kings

• हीनाः (hīnāḥ) - devoid of (deprived of, deficient, low, inferior)

• सत्त्वेन (sattvena) - by the essence (sattva) (by essence, by nature, by goodness, by truth)

• सूक्ष्मेण (sūkṣmeṇa) - by the subtle (by the subtle, by the minute)

• ततः (tataḥ) - because of that, therefore (therefore, from that, thence)

• वैकारिकाः (vaikārikāḥ) - products of transformation (vaikārikāḥ) (products of transformation, modifications, changed beings)

• स्मृताः (smṛtāḥ) - are considered (remembered, known, considered, stated)

Words meanings and morphology

कामम् (kāmam) - indeed, certainly (indeed, certainly, verily)

(indeclinable)

देवाः (devāḥ) - gods

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of deva

deva - god, deity, divine being

From div 'to shine'

Root: div (class 4)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

ऋषयः (ṛṣayaḥ) - sages (sages, seers)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of ṛṣi

ṛṣi - sage, seer, inspired poet, Vedic singer

From ṛṣ 'to go, move'

Root: ṛṣ (class 1)

सत्त्वस्था (sattvasthā) - established in the quality of goodness (sattva) (situated in sattva, firm in goodness)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sattvastha

sattvastha - situated in sattva (goodness/purity), firm in truth

Compound

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sattva+stha)

• sattva – goodness, purity, essence, existence, being
  noun (neuter)
  From sat (present participle of as 'to be') + tva (abstract suffix)
• stha – standing, staying, situated in
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from root sthā 'to stand'
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Agrees with devāḥ and ṛṣayaḥ

नृपसत्तम (nṛpasattama) - O best among kings

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of nṛpasattama

nṛpasattama - best of kings, chief of men

Compound

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nṛpa+sattama)

• nṛpa – king, protector of men
  noun (masculine)
  From nṛ 'man' + pā 'to protect'
• sattama – best, most excellent
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative of sat (good)

हीनाः (hīnāḥ) - devoid of (deprived of, deficient, low, inferior)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of hīna

hīna - abandoned, left, deficient, devoid of, inferior, low

Past Passive Participle

From root hā 'to abandon, quit, fail'

Root: hā (class 3)

Note: Agrees with devāḥ and ṛṣayaḥ

सत्त्वेन (sattvena) - by the essence (sattva) (by essence, by nature, by goodness, by truth)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of sattva

sattva - essence, existence, being, goodness, purity, reality, spirit

From sat (present participle of as 'to be') + tva (abstract suffix)

Note: Used with hīnāḥ (devoid of)

सूक्ष्मेण (sūkṣmeṇa) - by the subtle (by the subtle, by the minute)

(adjective)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of sūkṣma

sūkṣma - subtle, minute, fine, delicate, atomic

From su + kṣaṇ 'to wound' or √suc 'to be subtle'

Note: Agrees with sattvena

ततः (tataḥ) - because of that, therefore (therefore, from that, thence)

(indeclinable)

Ablative of tad, used as an adverb

Note: Expresses causality, 'because of this'

वैकारिकाः (vaikārikāḥ) - products of transformation (vaikārikāḥ) (products of transformation, modifications, changed beings)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vaikārika

vaikārika - modified, changed, subject to change, product of transformation (vikṛti)

Derived from vikāra 'change, modification'

Note: Agrees with devāḥ and ṛṣayaḥ (implied subject)

स्मृताः (smṛtāḥ) - are considered (remembered, known, considered, stated)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of smṛta

smṛta - remembered, recollected, thought of, known, considered

Past Passive Participle

From root smṛ 'to remember'

Root: smṛ (class 1)

Note: Agrees with devāḥ and ṛṣayaḥ