महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-336, verse-57

एष एकान्तिधर्मस्ते कीर्तितो नृपसत्तम ।
मया गुरुप्रसादेन दुर्विज्ञेयोऽकृतात्मभिः ।
एकान्तिनो हि पुरुषा दुर्लभा बहवो नृप ॥५७॥

57. eṣa ekāntidharmaste kīrtito nṛpasattama ,
mayā guruprasādena durvijñeyo'kṛtātmabhiḥ ,
ekāntino hi puruṣā durlabhā bahavo nṛpa.

57. eṣaḥ ekāntidharmaḥ te kīrtitaḥ
nṛpasattama mayā guruprasādena
durvijñeyaḥ akṛtātmabhiḥ ekāntinaḥ
hi puruṣāḥ durlabhāḥ bahavaḥ nṛpa

57. nṛpasattama nṛpa mayā guruprasādena
te eṣaḥ ekāntidharmaḥ kīrtitaḥ saḥ
akṛtātmabhiḥ durvijñeyaḥ hi ekāntinaḥ
puruṣāḥ bahavaḥ durlabhāḥ santi

57. O best of kings, this unique natural law (ekāntidharma) has been explained to you by me, through the grace of my spiritual teacher (guru). It is difficult for those with uncultivated minds to comprehend. Indeed, O king, truly devoted persons (ekāntinaḥ puruṣāḥ) are very rare.

Words meanings summery:

• एषः (eṣaḥ) - this (dharma) (this, this one)

• एकान्तिधर्मः (ekāntidharmaḥ) - the natural law (dharma) specific to single-minded devotion (unique natural law, exclusive constitution, dharma of single-minded devotion)

• ते (te) - to you (O king) (to you, your)

• कीर्तितः (kīrtitaḥ) - has been explained/proclaimed (proclaimed, described, celebrated)

• नृपसत्तम (nṛpasattama) - Vocative address to the king (O best of kings)

• मया (mayā) - by me (the narrator) (by me)

• गुरुप्रसादेन (guruprasādena) - through the favor/blessings of my guru (by the grace of the spiritual teacher)

• दुर्विज्ञेयः (durvijñeyaḥ) - difficult to comprehend (difficult to know, difficult to understand)

• अकृतात्मभिः (akṛtātmabhiḥ) - by those with uncultivated minds (by those whose self is not prepared/disciplined, by the undisciplined)

• एकान्तिनः (ekāntinaḥ) - persons of single-minded devotion (single-minded, exclusively devoted, devoted persons)

• हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, surely, because)

• पुरुषाः (puruṣāḥ) - persons (men, persons, male beings, spirit)

• दुर्लभाः (durlabhāḥ) - rare (rare, difficult to obtain)

• बहवः (bahavaḥ) - many (implying 'very' rare, or 'among many people') (many)

• नृप (nṛpa) - Vocative address to the king (O king)

Words meanings and morphology

एषः (eṣaḥ) - this (dharma) (this, this one)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of etad

etad - this, that

Note: masculine form of etad

एकान्तिधर्मः (ekāntidharmaḥ) - the natural law (dharma) specific to single-minded devotion (unique natural law, exclusive constitution, dharma of single-minded devotion)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ekāntidharma

ekāntidharma - unique dharma, exclusive dharma, principle of single-minded devotion

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ekānta+dharma)

• ekānta – exclusive, single-minded, devoted to one object
  noun (masculine)
• dharma – natural law, constitution, duty, virtue, righteousness
  noun (masculine)

ते (te) - to you (O king) (to you, your)

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of tvam

tvam - you

Note: Dative singular of 'tvam'

कीर्तितः (kīrtitaḥ) - has been explained/proclaimed (proclaimed, described, celebrated)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kīrtita

kīrtita - proclaimed, mentioned, praised

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root kīrt (to mention, praise)

Root: kīrt (class 10)

Note: participle, agrees with 'ekāntidharmaḥ'

नृपसत्तम (nṛpasattama) - Vocative address to the king (O best of kings)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of nṛpasattama

nṛpasattama - best of kings

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nṛpa+sattama)

• nṛpa – king, protector of men
  noun (masculine)
• sattama – best, excellent
  adjective (masculine)
  superlative of sat (good)

मया (mayā) - by me (the narrator) (by me)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of aham

aham - I

गुरुप्रसादेन (guruprasādena) - through the favor/blessings of my guru (by the grace of the spiritual teacher)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of guruprasāda

guruprasāda - grace of the teacher

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (guru+prasāda)

• guru – teacher, spiritual preceptor
  noun (masculine)
• prasāda – grace, favor, blessing
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: pra
  Root: sad (class 1)

दुर्विज्ञेयः (durvijñeyaḥ) - difficult to comprehend (difficult to know, difficult to understand)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of durvijñeya

durvijñeya - difficult to know/understand

Gerundive

Derived from root jñā with upasarga vi and prefix dur

Prefixes: dur+vi

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: agrees with 'ekāntidharmaḥ'

अकृतात्मभिः (akṛtātmabhiḥ) - by those with uncultivated minds (by those whose self is not prepared/disciplined, by the undisciplined)

(adjective)

Instrumental, plural of akṛtātman

akṛtātman - one whose self is not made/disciplined; an uncultivated mind

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (a+kṛta+ātman)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
• kṛta – made, done, prepared, cultivated
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  from root kṛ (to do)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• ātman – self, soul, mind, essence
  noun (masculine)

Note: refers to 'persons' implied by the context, thus gender is flexible

एकान्तिनः (ekāntinaḥ) - persons of single-minded devotion (single-minded, exclusively devoted, devoted persons)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of ekāntin

ekāntin - one who is exclusively devoted; a single-minded person

Note: serves as a noun here, referring to 'puruṣāḥ'

हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, surely, because)

(indeclinable)

Note: particle

पुरुषाः (puruṣāḥ) - persons (men, persons, male beings, spirit)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of puruṣa

puruṣa - man, person, primeval spirit, cosmic person

दुर्लभाः (durlabhāḥ) - rare (rare, difficult to obtain)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of durlabha

durlabha - rare, difficult to obtain

Gerundive

from root labh with prefix dur

Prefix: dur

Root: labh (class 1)

Note: agrees with 'ekāntinaḥ puruṣāḥ'

बहवः (bahavaḥ) - many (implying 'very' rare, or 'among many people') (many)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bahu

bahu - many, much

Note: Can modify durlabhāḥ to mean 'very rare', or can refer to 'many men' in general. Context suggests 'very rare'.

नृप (nṛpa) - Vocative address to the king (O king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of nṛpa

nṛpa - king, protector of men