महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-336, verse-15

यदासीच्चाक्षुषं जन्म द्वितीयं ब्रह्मणो नृप ।
तदा पितामहात्सोमादेतं धर्ममजानत ।
नारायणात्मकं राजन्रुद्राय प्रददौ च सः ॥१५॥

15. yadāsīccākṣuṣaṁ janma dvitīyaṁ brahmaṇo nṛpa ,
tadā pitāmahātsomādetaṁ dharmamajānata ,
nārāyaṇātmakaṁ rājanrudrāya pradadau ca saḥ.

15. yadā āsīt cākṣuṣam janma dvitīyam
brahmaṇaḥ nṛpa tadā pitāmahāt
somāt etam dharmam ajānat nārāyaṇātmakam
rājan rudrāya pradadau ca saḥ

15. nṛpa rājan yadā brahmaṇaḥ dvitīyam
cākṣuṣam janma āsīt tadā saḥ
pitāmahāt somāt nārāyaṇātmakam etam
dharmam ajānat ca rudrāya pradadau

15. O king, when Brahmā's second, ocular birth occurred, then he (Brahmā) learned this natural law (dharma), whose essence is Nārāyaṇa, from Soma, the great patriarch. And he (Brahmā) gave it to Rudra.

Words meanings summery:

• यदा (yadā) - when, at which time

• आसीत् (āsīt) - was

• चाक्षुषम् (cākṣuṣam) - describing the second birth of Brahmā as being through the eye or vision (ocular, relating to the eye)

• जन्म (janma) - the specific act of coming into being or creation (birth, origin, production)

• द्वितीयम् (dvitīyam) - referring to the second instance of Brahmā's birth (second)

• ब्रह्मणः (brahmaṇaḥ) - referring to the creator deity Brahmā (of Brahmā)

• नृप (nṛpa) - direct address to a king or ruler (O king, O ruler)

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• पितामहात् (pitāmahāt) - from Soma, who is a primordial ancestor (from the great patriarch, from the grandfather)

• सोमात् (somāt) - from the deity Soma (Moon god) (from Soma)

• एतम् (etam) - referring to the particular natural law (dharma) being discussed (this, this one)

• धर्मम् (dharmam) - the cosmic or moral law, as a teaching or principle (natural law (dharma), intrinsic nature)

• अजानत् (ajānat) - Brahmā learned this dharma (knew, learned, understood)

• नारायणात्मकम् (nārāyaṇātmakam) - describes the dharma as intrinsically linked to Nārāyaṇa (whose essence is Nārāyaṇa, having Nārāyaṇa as its nature)

• राजन् (rājan) - direct address to a king or ruler (O king, O ruler)

• रुद्राय (rudrāya) - the recipient of the dharma, the deity Rudra (to Rudra)

• प्रददौ (pradadau) - Brahmā formally bestowed the dharma upon Rudra (gave, offered)

• च (ca) - connects the act of learning with the act of giving (and, also)

• सः (saḥ) - refers to Brahmā, the subject of giving (he, that)

Words meanings and morphology

यदा (yadā) - when, at which time

(indeclinable)

आसीत् (āsīt) - was

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of as

Root: as (class 2)

चाक्षुषम् (cākṣuṣam) - describing the second birth of Brahmā as being through the eye or vision (ocular, relating to the eye)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of cākṣuṣa

cākṣuṣa - ocular, relating to the eye, visible, perceived by the eye

Derived from 'cakṣu' (eye)

Note: Agrees with 'janma'.

जन्म (janma) - the specific act of coming into being or creation (birth, origin, production)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of janman

janman - birth, origin, production, creation, life

From root 'jan' (to be born)

Root: jan (class 4)

द्वितीयम् (dvitīyam) - referring to the second instance of Brahmā's birth (second)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of dvitīya

dvitīya - second, a second, secondary

Derived from 'dvi' (two)

Note: Agrees with 'janma'.

ब्रह्मणः (brahmaṇaḥ) - referring to the creator deity Brahmā (of Brahmā)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of brahman

brahman - Brahmā (the creator god), a Brahmin, sacred utterance, the Absolute

नृप (nṛpa) - direct address to a king or ruler (O king, O ruler)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of nṛpa

nṛpa - king, ruler, protector of men

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

पितामहात् (pitāmahāt) - from Soma, who is a primordial ancestor (from the great patriarch, from the grandfather)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of pitāmaha

pitāmaha - paternal grandfather, great patriarch, Brahmā

Note: Refers to Soma.

सोमात् (somāt) - from the deity Soma (Moon god) (from Soma)

(proper noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of soma

soma - Soma (a divine drink, a deity, the Moon), juice, extract

एतम् (etam) - referring to the particular natural law (dharma) being discussed (this, this one)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of etad

etad - this, this one, that

Note: Agrees with 'dharmam'.

धर्मम् (dharmam) - the cosmic or moral law, as a teaching or principle (natural law (dharma), intrinsic nature)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, intrinsic nature, constitution, duty, righteousness, virtue, religion

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

अजानत् (ajānat) - Brahmā learned this dharma (knew, learned, understood)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of jñā

Root: jñā (class 9)

नारायणात्मकम् (nārāyaṇātmakam) - describes the dharma as intrinsically linked to Nārāyaṇa (whose essence is Nārāyaṇa, having Nārāyaṇa as its nature)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nārāyaṇātmaka

nārāyaṇātmaka - whose nature is Nārāyaṇa, consisting of Nārāyaṇa

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nārāyaṇa+ātmaka)

• nārāyaṇa – Nārāyaṇa (a name of Viṣṇu)
  proper noun (masculine)
• ātmaka – having the nature of, consisting of, pertaining to (from ātman)
  adjective (masculine)
  Suffix derived from 'ātman'

Note: Agrees with 'dharmam'.

राजन् (rājan) - direct address to a king or ruler (O king, O ruler)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, sovereign

रुद्राय (rudrāya) - the recipient of the dharma, the deity Rudra (to Rudra)

(proper noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of rudra

rudra - Rudra (a Vedic deity, later identified with Śiva), terrible, fierce

प्रददौ (pradadau) - Brahmā formally bestowed the dharma upon Rudra (gave, offered)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of pradā

Prefix: pra

Root: dā (class 3)

च (ca) - connects the act of learning with the act of giving (and, also)

(indeclinable)

सः (saḥ) - refers to Brahmā, the subject of giving (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it