महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-336, verse-44

यदिदं सप्तमं जन्म पद्मजं ब्रह्मणो नृप ।
तत्रैष धर्मः कथितः स्वयं नारायणेन हि ॥४४॥

44. yadidaṁ saptamaṁ janma padmajaṁ brahmaṇo nṛpa ,
tatraiṣa dharmaḥ kathitaḥ svayaṁ nārāyaṇena hi.

44. yat idam saptamam janma padmajam brahmaṇaḥ nṛpa
tatra eṣaḥ dharmaḥ kathitaḥ svayam nārāyaṇena hi

44. nṛpa yat idam saptamam padmajam brahmaṇaḥ janma
tatra eṣaḥ dharmaḥ svayam nārāyaṇena hi kathitaḥ

44. O ruler, this is the seventh manifestation (janma) of the lotus-born Brahmā (brahman). In that (context), this intrinsic nature (dharma) was indeed declared by Nārāyaṇa himself.

Words meanings summery:

• यत् (yat) - which, what, that

• इदम् (idam) - this

• सप्तमम् (saptamam) - seventh

• जन्म (janma) - cosmic manifestation or creation (birth, manifestation, creation, existence)

• पद्मजम् (padmajam) - epithet for Brahmā, lotus-born (lotus-born)

• ब्रह्मणः (brahmaṇaḥ) - of Brahmā (the creator deity) (of Brahmā, of a brahmin, of sacred knowledge, of the Absolute Reality)

• नृप (nṛpa) - O ruler, O king

• तत्र (tatra) - there, in that (place/time/context)

• एषः (eṣaḥ) - this, he

• धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - intrinsic nature, divine order (natural law, intrinsic nature, constitution, duty, righteousness)

• कथितः (kathitaḥ) - told, declared, spoken, recounted

• स्वयम् (svayam) - oneself, by oneself, personally

• नारायणेन (nārāyaṇena) - by Nārāyaṇa

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, certainly

Words meanings and morphology

यत् (yat) - which, what, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, that (relative pronoun)

Note: Forms a compound with 'idam'.

इदम् (idam) - this

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, that (demonstrative pronoun)

Note: Forms a compound with 'yat'.

सप्तमम् (saptamam) - seventh

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of saptama

saptama - seventh

Ordinal numeral from sapta (seven).

जन्म (janma) - cosmic manifestation or creation (birth, manifestation, creation, existence)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of janman

janman - birth, manifestation, creation, existence, life

Derived from root jan- (to be born).

Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Refers to a cosmic period or creation cycle.

पद्मजम् (padmajam) - epithet for Brahmā, lotus-born (lotus-born)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of padmaja

padmaja - lotus-born; an epithet for Brahmā

Compound of padma (lotus) and ja (born from).

Compound type : tatpurusha (padma+ja)

• padma – lotus
  noun (neuter)
• ja – born, produced from
  adjective (masculine)
  suffix -ja
  Derived from root jan- (to be born).
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Agrees with 'janma', but describes 'brahmaṇaḥ'.

ब्रह्मणः (brahmaṇaḥ) - of Brahmā (the creator deity) (of Brahmā, of a brahmin, of sacred knowledge, of the Absolute Reality)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of brahman

brahman - Brahmā (the creator deity); brahmin; sacred knowledge; the Absolute Reality (brahman)

नृप (nṛpa) - O ruler, O king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of nṛpa

nṛpa - king, ruler, protector of men

Compound of nṛ (man) and pa (protector/drinker, from pā).

Compound type : tatpurusha (nṛ+pa)

• nṛ – man, human being
  noun (masculine)
• pa – protector, one who drinks
  noun (masculine)
  From root pā- (to protect, to drink)
  Root: pā (class 1)

तत्र (tatra) - there, in that (place/time/context)

(indeclinable)

Note: Refers to the 'seventh birth/manifestation'.

एषः (eṣaḥ) - this, he

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of etad

etad - this, that

Note: Refers to 'dharmaḥ'.

धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - intrinsic nature, divine order (natural law, intrinsic nature, constitution, duty, righteousness)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, intrinsic nature, constitution, duty, righteousness, virtue, religious merit

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

कथितः (kathitaḥ) - told, declared, spoken, recounted

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kathita

kathita - told, declared, spoken, recounted, designated

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root kath- (to tell, speak) with suffix -ta.

Root: kath (class 10)

Note: Agrees with 'dharmaḥ'.

स्वयम् (svayam) - oneself, by oneself, personally

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes that Nārāyaṇa himself declared it.

नारायणेन (nārāyaṇena) - by Nārāyaṇa

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of nārāyaṇa

nārāyaṇa - Nārāyaṇa (a name of Viṣṇu, meaning 'resting on the waters')

Note: The agent of 'kathitaḥ'.

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, certainly

(indeclinable)

Note: Used for emphasis.