महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-336, verse-14

फेनपा ऋषयश्चैव तं धर्मं प्रतिपेदिरे ।
वैखानसाः फेनपेभ्यो धर्ममेतं प्रपेदिरे ।
वैखानसेभ्यः सोमस्तु ततः सोऽन्तर्दधे पुनः ॥१४॥

14. phenapā ṛṣayaścaiva taṁ dharmaṁ pratipedire ,
vaikhānasāḥ phenapebhyo dharmametaṁ prapedire ,
vaikhānasebhyaḥ somastu tataḥ so'ntardadhe punaḥ.

14. phenapāḥ ṛṣayaḥ ca eva tam dharmam
pratipedire vaikhānasāḥ phenapebhyaḥ
dharmam etam prapedire vaikhānasābhyaḥ
somaḥ tu tataḥ saḥ antardadhe punaḥ

14. phenapāḥ ṛṣayaḥ ca eva tam dharmam pratipedire.
vaikhānasāḥ phenapebhyaḥ etam dharmam prapedire.
tu vaikhānasābhyaḥ somaḥ tataḥ saḥ punaḥ antardadhe

14. The foam-drinking sages also received that natural law (dharma). The Vaikhānasa ascetics received this natural law (dharma) from the foam-drinkers. But from the Vaikhānasa ascetics, Soma (the Moon god) received it, and then he disappeared again.

Words meanings summery:

• फेनपाः (phenapāḥ) - a specific class of sages known for their austere practice of consuming only foam (foam-drinkers, ascetics who subsist on foam)

• ऋषयः (ṛṣayaḥ) - holy sages who possess spiritual insight (sages, seers)

• च (ca) - connects the foam-drinkers with other groups receiving the dharma (and, also)

• एव (eva) - emphasizes that these sages also received it (indeed, just, even, only)

• तम् (tam) - referring to the natural law (dharma) previously mentioned in the narrative (that)

• धर्मम् (dharmam) - the cosmic or moral law, as a teaching or practice (natural law (dharma), intrinsic nature)

• प्रतिपेदिरे (pratipedire) - acquired or understood the teaching of dharma (received, understood, attained)

• वैखानसाः (vaikhānasāḥ) - a specific group of ascetics, followers of the Vaikhānasa school, known for their strict adherence to Vedic rituals (Vaikhānasa ascetics)

• फेनपेभ्यः (phenapebhyaḥ) - indicating the source from whom the Vaikhānasa ascetics received the dharma (from the foam-drinkers)

• धर्मम् (dharmam) - the cosmic or moral law, as a teaching or practice (natural law (dharma), intrinsic nature)

• एतम् (etam) - referring to the same natural law (dharma) being passed down (this, this one)

• प्रपेदिरे (prapedire) - acquired or understood the teaching of dharma (received, acquired, understood)

• वैखानसाभ्यः (vaikhānasābhyaḥ) - indicating the source from whom Soma received the dharma (from the Vaikhānasa ascetics)

• सोमः (somaḥ) - referring to the deity associated with the moon and a potent ritual drink (Soma, the Moon god)

• तु (tu) - introduces a slight contrast or continuation in the narrative of transmission (but, indeed, on the other hand)

• ततः (tataḥ) - indicates a sequence of events, following Soma's reception of dharma (then, thereafter, from that)

• सः (saḥ) - refers to Soma, the subject of the action (he, that)

• अन्तर्दधे (antardadhe) - Soma vanished from sight after receiving the dharma (disappeared, vanished, became invisible)

• पुनः (punaḥ) - Soma disappeared for a second time or returned to a state of being hidden (again, once more, back)

Words meanings and morphology

फेनपाः (phenapāḥ) - a specific class of sages known for their austere practice of consuming only foam (foam-drinkers, ascetics who subsist on foam)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of phenapa

phenapa - foam-drinker, an ascetic living on foam

Compound type : upapada tatpuruṣa (phena+pa)

• phena – foam, froth
  noun (masculine)
• pa – drinker, protector
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'pā' (to drink or protect)
  Root: pā (class 2)

ऋषयः (ṛṣayaḥ) - holy sages who possess spiritual insight (sages, seers)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of ṛṣi

ṛṣi - sage, seer, inspired poet, Vedic singer

च (ca) - connects the foam-drinkers with other groups receiving the dharma (and, also)

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - emphasizes that these sages also received it (indeed, just, even, only)

(indeclinable)

तम् (tam) - referring to the natural law (dharma) previously mentioned in the narrative (that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Agrees with 'dharmam'.

धर्मम् (dharmam) - the cosmic or moral law, as a teaching or practice (natural law (dharma), intrinsic nature)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, intrinsic nature, constitution, duty, righteousness, virtue, religion

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

प्रतिपेदिरे (pratipedire) - acquired or understood the teaching of dharma (received, understood, attained)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, ātmanepada, perfect (lit) of pratipad

Prefix: prati

Root: pad (class 4)

वैखानसाः (vaikhānasāḥ) - a specific group of ascetics, followers of the Vaikhānasa school, known for their strict adherence to Vedic rituals (Vaikhānasa ascetics)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vaikhānasa

vaikhānasa - a class of ascetics or hermits, belonging to the Vaikhānasa school

फेनपेभ्यः (phenapebhyaḥ) - indicating the source from whom the Vaikhānasa ascetics received the dharma (from the foam-drinkers)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, plural of phenapa

phenapa - foam-drinker, an ascetic living on foam

Compound type : upapada tatpuruṣa (phena+pa)

• phena – foam, froth
  noun (masculine)
• pa – drinker, protector
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'pā' (to drink or protect)
  Root: pā (class 2)

धर्मम् (dharmam) - the cosmic or moral law, as a teaching or practice (natural law (dharma), intrinsic nature)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, intrinsic nature, constitution, duty, righteousness, virtue, religion

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

एतम् (etam) - referring to the same natural law (dharma) being passed down (this, this one)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of etad

etad - this, this one, that

Note: Agrees with 'dharmam'.

प्रपेदिरे (prapedire) - acquired or understood the teaching of dharma (received, acquired, understood)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, ātmanepada, perfect (lit) of prapad

Prefix: pra

Root: pad (class 4)

वैखानसाभ्यः (vaikhānasābhyaḥ) - indicating the source from whom Soma received the dharma (from the Vaikhānasa ascetics)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, plural of vaikhānasa

vaikhānasa - a class of ascetics or hermits, belonging to the Vaikhānasa school

सोमः (somaḥ) - referring to the deity associated with the moon and a potent ritual drink (Soma, the Moon god)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of soma

soma - Soma (a divine drink, a deity, the Moon), juice, extract

तु (tu) - introduces a slight contrast or continuation in the narrative of transmission (but, indeed, on the other hand)

(indeclinable)

ततः (tataḥ) - indicates a sequence of events, following Soma's reception of dharma (then, thereafter, from that)

(indeclinable)

सः (saḥ) - refers to Soma, the subject of the action (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

अन्तर्दधे (antardadhe) - Soma vanished from sight after receiving the dharma (disappeared, vanished, became invisible)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, ātmanepada, perfect (lit) of antardhā

Prefix: antar

Root: dhā (class 3)

पुनः (punaḥ) - Soma disappeared for a second time or returned to a state of being hidden (again, once more, back)

(indeclinable)