मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-75, verse-3
स तस्य विधिवच्चक्रे जातकर्मादिकाः क्रियाः ।
तथोपनयनादींश्च स चाशीलोऽभवन्मुने ॥३॥
तथोपनयनादींश्च स चाशीलोऽभवन्मुने ॥३॥
3. sa tasya vidhivaccakre jātakarmādikāḥ kriyāḥ .
tathopanayanādīṃśca sa cāśīlo'bhavanmune.
tathopanayanādīṃśca sa cāśīlo'bhavanmune.
3.
sa tasya vidhivat cakre jātakarmādikāḥ kriyāḥ
tathā upanayana ādīn ca sa ca aśīlaḥ abhavat mune
tathā upanayana ādīn ca sa ca aśīlaḥ abhavat mune
3.
He (Ṛtavāk) duly performed for that son the rituals such as the birth ceremony (jātakarma) and similarly those beginning with the sacred thread ceremony (upanayana). And, O sage (muni), he (the son) became a virtuous person.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- स (sa) - He (the sage Ṛtavāk) (he, that)
- तस्य (tasya) - for him (the son) (his, for him)
- विधिवत् (vidhivat) - duly, according to the prescribed rites (according to rule, duly, properly, lawfully)
- चक्रे (cakre) - he (Ṛtavāk) performed (he made, he did, he performed)
- जातकर्मादिकाः (jātakarmādikāḥ) - (rituals) beginning with the birth ceremony (jātakarma) (those beginning with the birth ceremony)
- क्रियाः (kriyāḥ) - (religious) rituals (actions, rituals, rites)
- तथा (tathā) - similarly (thus, so, similarly, in that manner)
- उपनयन (upanayana) - the sacred thread ceremony (upanayana) (sacred thread ceremony, initiation)
- आदीन् (ādīn) - those beginning with (upanayana) (beginning with, and so on)
- च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)
- स (sa) - He (the son) (he, that)
- च (ca) - and (and, also)
- अशीलः (aśīlaḥ) - (he) became a virtuous person (assuming intended āśīlaḥ, virtuous) (ill-behaved, of bad conduct, immoral; (contextually, possibly intended as virtuous/devout, i.e., āśīla))
- अभवत् (abhavat) - (he) became (became, happened, was)
- मुने (mune) - O sage (muni)! (address to the listener) (O sage!, O ascetic!)
Words meanings and morphology
स (sa) - He (the sage Ṛtavāk) (he, that)
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that, he, she, it
Masculine nominative singular form of 'tad', used before a consonant.
तस्य (tasya) - for him (the son) (his, for him)
(pronoun)
Genitive, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that, he, she, it
Masculine genitive/dative singular form of 'tad'. Here implies dative 'for him'.
विधिवत् (vidhivat) - duly, according to the prescribed rites (according to rule, duly, properly, lawfully)
(indeclinable)
Adverb formed with suffix -vat from vidhi (rule).
Note: Qualifies the verb 'cakre'.
चक्रे (cakre) - he (Ṛtavāk) performed (he made, he did, he performed)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, middle, perfect past (lit) of kṛ
perfect tense form
Root kṛ (to do), 3rd person singular middle voice perfect.
Root: kṛ (class 8)
जातकर्मादिकाः (jātakarmādikāḥ) - (rituals) beginning with the birth ceremony (jātakarma) (those beginning with the birth ceremony)
(adjective)
Accusative, feminine, plural of jātakarmādika
jātakarmādika - beginning with the birth ceremony
Compound jātakarma (birth ceremony) + ādi (beginning) + ka (suffix forming adjective). Feminine nominative/accusative plural.
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (jātakarma+ādi)
- jātakarma – birth ceremony, rite performed at birth
noun (neuter)
Compound jāta (born) + karman (action/rite) - ādi – beginning, etcetera, and so on
noun (masculine)
Root: ad (class 2)
Note: Object of 'cakre'.
क्रियाः (kriyāḥ) - (religious) rituals (actions, rituals, rites)
(noun)
Accusative, feminine, plural of kriyā
kriyā - action, deed, ritual, rite, ceremony
From root kṛ (to do).
Root: kṛ (class 8)
Note: Object of 'cakre'.
तथा (tathā) - similarly (thus, so, similarly, in that manner)
(indeclinable)
उपनयन (upanayana) - the sacred thread ceremony (upanayana) (sacred thread ceremony, initiation)
(noun)
neuter, singular of upanayana
upanayana - leading near (to a teacher), initiation, sacred thread ceremony
From upa + root nī (to lead).
Prefix: upa
Root: nī (class 1)
आदीन् (ādīn) - those beginning with (upanayana) (beginning with, and so on)
(adjective)
Accusative, masculine, plural of ādi
ādi - beginning, etcetera, and so on
Masculine accusative plural.
Root: ad (class 2)
च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)
(indeclinable)
Conjunction.
स (sa) - He (the son) (he, that)
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that, he, she, it
Masculine nominative singular form of 'tad', used before a consonant.
च (ca) - and (and, also)
(indeclinable)
Conjunction.
अशीलः (aśīlaḥ) - (he) became a virtuous person (assuming intended āśīlaḥ, virtuous) (ill-behaved, of bad conduct, immoral; (contextually, possibly intended as virtuous/devout, i.e., āśīla))
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of aśīla
aśīla - ill-behaved, immoral, of bad character; (possibly a variant of āśīla meaning virtuous or suśīla meaning well-behaved)
Compound a (negative) + śīla (conduct, character). If intended as āśīla, derived from ā (towards) + śīla (good conduct/devotion).
Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+śīla)
- a – not, non, un-
indeclinable
Negative prefix - śīla – conduct, character, habit, custom, virtue
noun (neuter)
Root: śī (class 2)
अभवत् (abhavat) - (he) became (became, happened, was)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, imperfect past (laṅ) of bhū
imperfect tense form
Root bhū (to be), 3rd person singular active imperfect.
Root: bhū (class 1)
मुने (mune) - O sage (muni)! (address to the listener) (O sage!, O ascetic!)
(noun)
Vocative, masculine, singular of muni
muni - sage, ascetic, seer, silent one
Vocative singular of 'muni'.
Root: man (class 4)