मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-106, verse-52
अपरे च निराहारा नदीपुलिनशायिनः ।
तपांसि चक्रुरिच्छंतो भास्कराराधनं द्विजाः ॥५२॥
तपांसि चक्रुरिच्छंतो भास्कराराधनं द्विजाः ॥५२॥
52. apare ca nirāhārā nadīpulinaśāyinaḥ .
tapāṃsi cakruricchaṃto bhāskarārādhanaṃ dvijāḥ.
tapāṃsi cakruricchaṃto bhāskarārādhanaṃ dvijāḥ.
52.
apare ca nirāhārāḥ nadīpulinaśāyinaḥ tapāṃsi
cakruḥ icchantaḥ bhāskarārādhanam dvijāḥ
cakruḥ icchantaḥ bhāskarārādhanam dvijāḥ
52.
And other twice-born ones (dvija), abstaining from food and lying on river banks, performed severe austerities (tapas), desiring to worship the Sun god (Bhāskara).
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- अपरे (apare) - others, still others
- च (ca) - and, also
- निराहाराः (nirāhārāḥ) - without food, abstaining from food, fasting
- नदीपुलिनशायिनः (nadīpulinaśāyinaḥ) - lying on river banks
- तपांसि (tapāṁsi) - austerities, penances, severe practices
- चक्रुः (cakruḥ) - they did, they performed, they made
- इच्छन्तः (icchantaḥ) - desiring, wishing, wanting
- भास्कराराधनम् (bhāskarārādhanam) - the worship of the Sun god, propitiating Bhāskara
- द्विजाः (dvijāḥ) - the twice-born ones, brahmins
Words meanings and morphology
अपरे (apare) - others, still others
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of apara
apara - other, another, subsequent, inferior
Note: Refers to a new group of worshippers.
च (ca) - and, also
(indeclinable)
निराहाराः (nirāhārāḥ) - without food, abstaining from food, fasting
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of nirāhāra
nirāhāra - without food, abstaining from food, fasting
nis (without) + āhāra (food).
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (nis+āhāra)
- nis – out, forth, without, negation
indeclinable
Prefix for negation or removal. - āhāra – food, sustenance, taking, collecting
noun (masculine)
From root hṛ (to take) with prefix ā.
Prefix: ā
Root: hṛ (class 1)
Note: Qualifies apare and dvijāḥ.
नदीपुलिनशायिनः (nadīpulinaśāyinaḥ) - lying on river banks
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of nadīpulinaśāyin
nadīpulinaśāyin - lying on river banks
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nadī+pulina+śāyin)
- nadī – river
noun (feminine) - pulina – sandbank, river bank, shore
noun (neuter) - śāyin – lying, reclining, sleeping
adjective
Agent noun/Adjective from root
From root śī (to lie, sleep) with suffix ṇin.
Root: śī (class 2)
Note: Qualifies apare and dvijāḥ.
तपांसि (tapāṁsi) - austerities, penances, severe practices
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, plural of tapas
tapas - austerity, penance, spiritual fervor, heat
Root: tap (class 1)
Note: Object of cakruḥ.
चक्रुः (cakruḥ) - they did, they performed, they made
(verb)
3rd person , plural, active, past perfect (liṭ) of kṛ
Perfect
Root kṛ in perfect tense (liṭ).
Root: kṛ (class 8)
Note: The subject is apare.
इच्छन्तः (icchantaḥ) - desiring, wishing, wanting
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of icchat
icchat - desiring, wishing
Present Active Participle
From root iṣ (to wish, desire), present stem icch.
Root: iṣ (class 6)
Note: Qualifies apare and dvijāḥ.
भास्कराराधनम् (bhāskarārādhanam) - the worship of the Sun god, propitiating Bhāskara
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of bhāskarārādhana
bhāskarārādhana - worship of the Sun, propitiation of Bhāskara
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bhāskara+ārādhana)
- bhāskara – Sun, Sun god, creator of light
noun (masculine)
bhās (light) + kara (maker).
Root: kṛ (class 8) - ārādhana – worship, adoration, propitiation, gratifying
noun (neuter)
Action noun
From root rādh (to accomplish, propitiate) with prefix ā and suffix lyuṭ.
Prefix: ā
Root: rādh (class 4)
Note: Object of icchantaḥ.
द्विजाः (dvijāḥ) - the twice-born ones, brahmins
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of dvija
dvija - twice-born (referring to Brahmins, Kshatriyas, Vaishyas; also birds, teeth, snakes), Brahmin
dvi (twice) + ja (born).
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dvi+ja)
- dvi – two, twice
numeral - ja – born, produced from
adjective
Agent noun/Adjective from root
From root jan (to be born) with suffix ḍa.
Root: jan (class 4)
Note: Subject of the sentence along with apare.