मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-106, verse-45
मार्कण्डेय उवाच ।
इत्येवं तैस्तथान्यैश्च द्विजैः पौरपुरःसरैः ।
भूपैर्भृत्यैरमात्यैश्च राजा प्रोक्तः पुनः पुनः ॥४५॥
इत्येवं तैस्तथान्यैश्च द्विजैः पौरपुरःसरैः ।
भूपैर्भृत्यैरमात्यैश्च राजा प्रोक्तः पुनः पुनः ॥४५॥
45. mārkaṇḍeya uvāca .
ityevaṃ taistathānyaiśca dvijaiḥ paurapuraḥsaraiḥ .
bhūpairbhṛtyairamātyaiśca rājā proktaḥ punaḥ punaḥ.
ityevaṃ taistathānyaiśca dvijaiḥ paurapuraḥsaraiḥ .
bhūpairbhṛtyairamātyaiśca rājā proktaḥ punaḥ punaḥ.
45.
mārkaṇḍeya uvāca ityevam taiḥ
tathā anyaiḥ ca dvijaiḥ paurapuraḥsaraiḥ
bhūpaiḥ bhṛtyaiḥ amātyaiḥ
ca rājā proktaḥ punaḥ punaḥ
tathā anyaiḥ ca dvijaiḥ paurapuraḥsaraiḥ
bhūpaiḥ bhṛtyaiḥ amātyaiḥ
ca rājā proktaḥ punaḥ punaḥ
45.
Mārkaṇḍeya said: In this way, the king was repeatedly addressed by them, as well as by other Brahmins with the citizens at their forefront, and also by kings, servants, and ministers.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- मार्कण्डेय (mārkaṇḍeya) - The sage Mārkaṇḍeya (Mārkaṇḍeya (a sage))
- उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke
- इत्येवम् (ityevam) - thus, in this manner
- तैः (taiḥ) - by them
- तथा (tathā) - and (and, likewise, thus)
- अन्यैः (anyaiḥ) - by others
- च (ca) - and
- द्विजैः (dvijaiḥ) - by Brahmins (by twice-born ones, by Brahmins)
- पौरपुरःसरैः (paurapuraḥsaraiḥ) - by those led by citizens, by those with citizens at the forefront
- भूपैः (bhūpaiḥ) - by kings, by rulers
- भृत्यैः (bhṛtyaiḥ) - by servants, by dependents
- अमात्यैः (amātyaiḥ) - by ministers, by counselors
- च (ca) - and
- राजा (rājā) - king
- प्रोक्तः (proktaḥ) - was addressed (said, spoken, addressed)
- पुनः (punaḥ) - again, repeatedly
- पुनः (punaḥ) - again, repeatedly
Words meanings and morphology
मार्कण्डेय (mārkaṇḍeya) - The sage Mārkaṇḍeya (Mārkaṇḍeya (a sage))
(proper noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of mārkaṇḍeya
mārkaṇḍeya - Name of a famous ancient sage.
उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of vac
Perfect active
3rd person singular perfect active of root vac.
Root: vac (class 2)
इत्येवम् (ityevam) - thus, in this manner
(indeclinable)
Formed by sandhi of iti (thus) + evam (thus).
तैः (taiḥ) - by them
(pronoun)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of tad
tad - that, those, he, she, it
तथा (tathā) - and (and, likewise, thus)
(indeclinable)
अन्यैः (anyaiḥ) - by others
(pronoun)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of anya
anya - other, another, different
च (ca) - and
(indeclinable)
Conjunction particle.
द्विजैः (dvijaiḥ) - by Brahmins (by twice-born ones, by Brahmins)
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of dvija
dvija - twice-born, a Brahmin, a bird, a tooth
Literally 'twice-born', refers to members of the three highest varnas who undergo the upanayana ritual, most commonly to Brahmins.
Root: jan (class 4)
पौरपुरःसरैः (paurapuraḥsaraiḥ) - by those led by citizens, by those with citizens at the forefront
(adjective)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of paurapuraḥsara
paurapuraḥsara - led by citizens, having citizens as leaders or at the forefront
Compound of paura (citizen) and puraḥsara (going before, leading).
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (paura+puraḥsara)
- paura – citizen, townsman
noun (masculine)
Derived from pur (city). - puraḥsara – going before, leading, preceded by
adjective (masculine)
From puraḥ (before) + sara (going, moving).
Root: sṛ (class 1)
भूपैः (bhūpaiḥ) - by kings, by rulers
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of bhūpa
bhūpa - king, ruler (literally, protector of the earth)
Compound of bhū (earth) + pa (protector).
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bhū+pa)
- bhū – earth, ground
noun (feminine)
From root bhū (to be, to exist).
Root: bhū (class 1) - pa – protector, guardian
noun (masculine)
Agent noun from root pā (to protect).
Root: pā (class 2)
भृत्यैः (bhṛtyaiḥ) - by servants, by dependents
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of bhṛtya
bhṛtya - servant, dependent, paid worker, one to be maintained
Gerundive / Future Passive Participle
Derived from root bhṛ (to bear, to support, to maintain).
Root: bhṛ (class 1)
अमात्यैः (amātyaiḥ) - by ministers, by counselors
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of amātya
amātya - minister, counselor, colleague (literally, one who dwells with)
Derived from ama (with) + root as (to be) + tyak suffix.
Root: as (class 2)
च (ca) - and
(indeclinable)
Conjunction particle.
राजा (rājā) - king
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan
rājan - king, ruler, prince
N-stem noun, from root rāj (to shine, to rule).
Root: rāj (class 1)
प्रोक्तः (proktaḥ) - was addressed (said, spoken, addressed)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of pravac
pravac - to speak forth, to declare, to say
Past Passive Participle
Formed with prefix pra + root vac (to speak), with -kta suffix. Declines like an adjective.
Prefix: pra
Root: vac (class 2)
Note: Qualifies 'rājā'.
पुनः (punaḥ) - again, repeatedly
(indeclinable)
Adverb.
Note: Adverb modifying 'proktaḥ'.
पुनः (punaḥ) - again, repeatedly
(indeclinable)
Adverb, repetition for emphasis 'again and again'.
Note: Adverb modifying 'proktaḥ'.