महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-32, verse-57

नकुलस्तं तु विंशत्या विद्ध्वा भारसहैर्दृढैः ।
ननाद बलवन्नादं कर्णस्य भयमादधत् ॥५७॥

57. nakulastaṁ tu viṁśatyā viddhvā bhārasahairdṛḍhaiḥ ,
nanāda balavannādaṁ karṇasya bhayamādadhat.

57. नकुलः तम् तु विंशत्या विद्ध्वा भारसहैः
दृढैः ननाद बलवत् नादम् कर्णस्य भयम् आदधत्

57. तु नकुलः तम् विंशत्या भारसहैः दृढैः विद्ध्वा
बलवत् नादम् ननाद कर्णस्य भयम् आदधत्

57. But Nakula, having pierced him (Suṣeṇa) with twenty strong arrows capable of bearing heavy strain, let out a mighty roar, causing fear to Karṇa.

Words meanings summery:

• नकुलः (नकुलः) - Nakula

• तम् (तम्) - Suṣeṇa (him)

• तु (तु) - but, however

• विंशत्या (विंशत्या) - with twenty arrows (with twenty)

• विद्ध्वा (विद्ध्वा) - having pierced, having struck

• भारसहैः (भारसहैः) - capable of bearing heavy strain (referring to arrows) (burden-bearing, capable of enduring strain)

• दृढैः (दृढैः) - with strong (arrows) (with strong, firm)

• ननाद (ननाद) - roared, sounded

• बलवत् (बलवत्) - mighty, powerful

• नादम् (नादम्) - a roar, sound

• कर्णस्य (कर्णस्य) - of Karṇa

• भयम् (भयम्) - fear

• आदधत् (आदधत्) - causing, inspiring, placing

Words meanings and morphology

नकुलः (नकुलः) - Nakula

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of नकुल

नकुल - Name of one of the Pāṇḍavas

Note: Subject of the sentence.

तम् (तम्) - Suṣeṇa (him)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of तद्

तद् - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Suṣeṇa.

तु (तु) - but, however

(indeclinable)

विंशत्या (विंशत्या) - with twenty arrows (with twenty)

(numeral)

Note: Used as an instrumental singular, implicitly referring to arrows.

विद्ध्वा (विद्ध्वा) - having pierced, having struck

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

From root व्यध् (vyadh) with suffix -tvā. The `vy` changes to `v`. (व्यध् → विद् + ध्वा → विद्ध्वा)

Root: व्यध् (class 4)

Note: Absolutive.

भारसहैः (भारसहैः) - capable of bearing heavy strain (referring to arrows) (burden-bearing, capable of enduring strain)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of भारसह

भारसह - bearing a burden, enduring a weight, capable of great effort

Compound. Agent noun/adjective from root सह् (sah) 'to bear'.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (भार+सह)

• भार – burden, weight, load
  noun (masculine)
  From root भृ (bhṛ) 'to bear'.
  Root: भृ (class 3)
• सह – bearing, enduring, capable
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun/adjective from verbal root
  From root सह् (sah) 'to bear, endure'.
  Root: सह् (class 1)

Note: Adjective modifying implied `bāṇaiḥ`.

दृढैः (दृढैः) - with strong (arrows) (with strong, firm)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of दृढ

दृढ - firm, strong, solid, rigid

Past Passive Participle

From root दृह् (dṛh) 'to be firm, strengthen'.

Root: दृह् (class 4)

Note: Adjective modifying implied `bāṇaiḥ`.

ननाद (ननाद) - roared, sounded

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of नद्

Perfect 3rd person singular active (liṭ). Reduplicated form.

Root: नद् (class 1)

Note: Subject is `Nakulaḥ`.

बलवत् (बलवत्) - mighty, powerful

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of बलवत्

बलवत् - strong, powerful, mighty

Possessive suffix -vat

From बल (bala) 'strength' + possessive suffix -vat. Used here as an adjective for `nādam`.

Note: Adjective modifying `nādam`.

नादम् (नादम्) - a roar, sound

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of नाद

नाद - sound, roar, cry

Verbal noun from नद् (nad)

Root: नद् (class 1)

Note: Object of `nanāda`.

कर्णस्य (कर्णस्य) - of Karṇa

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of कर्ण

कर्ण - Name of a prominent warrior in the Mahābhārata

Note: Possessive, indicating whose fear.

भयम् (भयम्) - fear

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of भय

भय - fear, dread, terror

Verbal noun from भी (bhī)

Root: भी (class 3)

Note: Object of `ādadhhat`.

आदधत् (आदधत्) - causing, inspiring, placing

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of आ-धा

आ-धा - to place, put, cause, inspire

Present Active Participle

From root धा (dhā) with upasarga आ (ā). Present participle, masculine nominative singular, agreeing with `Nakulaḥ`.

Prefix: आ

Root: धा (class 3)