महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-32, verse-25

संजय उवाच ।
धृष्टद्युम्नमुखान्पार्थान्दृष्ट्वा कर्णो व्यवस्थितान् ।
समभ्यधावत्त्वरितः पाञ्चालाञ्शत्रुकर्शनः ॥२५॥

25. saṁjaya uvāca ,
dhṛṣṭadyumnamukhānpārthāndṛṣṭvā karṇo vyavasthitān ,
samabhyadhāvattvaritaḥ pāñcālāñśatrukarśanaḥ.

25. saṃjaya uvāca dhṛṣṭadyumnamukhān pārthān dṛṣṭvā karṇaḥ
vyavasthitān sam abhi adhāvat tvaritaḥ pāñcālān śatrukārśanaḥ

25. saṃjaya uvāca śatrukārśanaḥ karṇaḥ dhṛṣṭadyumnamukhān
vyavasthitān pārthān dṛṣṭvā tvaritaḥ pāñcālān sam abhi adhāvat

25. Sañjaya said: Seeing the Pārthas (Pāṇḍavas), with Dhṛṣṭadyumna as their leader, arrayed (for battle), Karṇa, the tormentor of enemies, swiftly rushed towards the Pañcālas.

Words meanings summery:

• संजय (saṁjaya) - Sañjaya

• उवाच (uvāca) - he said, spoke

• धृष्टद्युम्नमुखान् (dhṛṣṭadyumnamukhān) - having Dhṛṣṭadyumna as chief, led by Dhṛṣṭadyumna

• पार्थान् (pārthān) - the Pārthas, the Pāṇḍavas

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, perceiving

• कर्णः (karṇaḥ) - Karṇa

• व्यवस्थितान् (vyavasthitān) - arrayed for battle (positioned, arrayed, stationed)

• सम् (sam) - together, completely, well

• अभि (abhi) - towards, against, to

• अधावत् (adhāvat) - he ran, he rushed

• त्वरितः (tvaritaḥ) - swift, quick, hastened

• पाञ्चालान् (pāñcālān) - the Pañcālas (people from Pañcāla)

• शत्रुकार्शनः (śatrukārśanaḥ) - tormentor of enemies, destroyer of foes

Words meanings and morphology

संजय (saṁjaya) - Sañjaya

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃjaya

saṁjaya - Sañjaya (proper name, charioteer of Dhṛtarāṣṭra)

उवाच (uvāca) - he said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect

Perfect 3rd singular active of √vac (class 2)

Root: vac (class 2)

धृष्टद्युम्नमुखान् (dhṛṣṭadyumnamukhān) - having Dhṛṣṭadyumna as chief, led by Dhṛṣṭadyumna

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of dhṛṣṭadyumnamukha

dhṛṣṭadyumnamukha - having Dhṛṣṭadyumna as the leader/face/forefront

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dhṛṣṭadyumna+mukha)

• dhṛṣṭadyumna – Dhṛṣṭadyumna (proper name, commander of the Pāṇḍava army)
  proper noun (masculine)
• mukha – face, mouth, chief, front, beginning
  noun (neuter)

पार्थान् (pārthān) - the Pārthas, the Pāṇḍavas

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of pārtha

pārtha - son of Pṛthā (Kuntī), a Pāṇḍava

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, perceiving

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Absolutive of √dṛś (class 1)

Root: dṛś (class 1)

कर्णः (karṇaḥ) - Karṇa

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of karṇa

karṇa - Karṇa (proper name, son of Sūrya and Kuntī)

व्यवस्थितान् (vyavasthitān) - arrayed for battle (positioned, arrayed, stationed)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of vyavasthita

vyavasthita - placed, arranged, stationed, arrayed, settled

Past Passive Participle

Past Passive Participle of vi-ava-√sthā (to stand, remain)

Prefixes: vi+ava

Root: sthā (class 1)

सम् (sam) - together, completely, well

(indeclinable)

अभि (abhi) - towards, against, to

(indeclinable)

अधावत् (adhāvat) - he ran, he rushed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of dhāv

Imperfect

Imperfect 3rd singular active of √dhāv (class 1)

Root: dhāv (class 1)

त्वरितः (tvaritaḥ) - swift, quick, hastened

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tvarita

tvarita - swift, quick, hastened, being quick

Past Passive Participle

Past Passive Participle of √tvar (to hurry, hasten)

Root: tvar (class 1)

पाञ्चालान् (pāñcālān) - the Pañcālas (people from Pañcāla)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of pāñcāla

pāñcāla - a king or people of the Pañcāla country

शत्रुकार्शनः (śatrukārśanaḥ) - tormentor of enemies, destroyer of foes

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śatrukārśana

śatrukārśana - tormentor of enemies, destroyer of foes, emaciator of enemies

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śatru+kārśana)

• śatru – enemy, foe, adversary
  noun (masculine)
• kārśana – causing leanness, emaciating, tormenting, distressing
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent Noun/Adjective (Causative)
  Derived from causative of √kṛś (to become thin)
  Root: kṛś (class 1)