महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-32, verse-10

स संप्रहारस्तुमुलस्तेषामासीत्किरीटिना ।
तस्यैव नः श्रुतो यादृङ्निवातकवचैः सह ॥१०॥

10. sa saṁprahārastumulasteṣāmāsītkirīṭinā ,
tasyaiva naḥ śruto yādṛṅnivātakavacaiḥ saha.

10. saḥ saṃprahāraḥ tumulaḥ teṣām āsīt kirīṭinā
tasya eva naḥ śrutaḥ yādṛk nivātakavacaiḥ saha

10. teṣām kirīṭinā saha saḥ tumulaḥ saṃprahāraḥ āsīt
naḥ yādṛk tasya eva nivātakavacaiḥ saha śrutaḥ

10. That tumultuous clash they had with the crowned one (Arjuna) was, we have heard, like the one he previously had with the Nivātakavacas.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - that (clash) (that, he)

• संप्रहारः (saṁprahāraḥ) - fierce encounter, battle (clash, encounter, battle, strike)

• तुमुलः (tumulaḥ) - tumultuous, fierce (tumultuous, fierce, violent, noisy)

• तेषाम् (teṣām) - of them (the Saṃśaptakas) (of them, their)

• आसीत् (āsīt) - was (was, existed)

• किरीटिना (kirīṭinā) - by Arjuna (who wore a diadem/crown) (by the crowned one)

• तस्य (tasya) - of that (kind of battle) (of him, that (referring to the previous kind of battle))

• एव (eva) - just like, precisely (only, just, indeed, precisely)

• नः (naḥ) - by us (implied narrator, e.g., Saṃjaya) (to us, by us, for us)

• श्रुतः (śrutaḥ) - heard (heard, listened)

• यादृक् (yādṛk) - such as, of the same kind (of what kind, such as, as)

• निवातकवचैः (nivātakavacaiḥ) - with the Nivātakavacas (a class of Dānavas defeated by Arjuna) (with the Nivātakavacas)

• सह (saha) - with (with, together with)

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - that (clash) (that, he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to saṃprahāraḥ

संप्रहारः (saṁprahāraḥ) - fierce encounter, battle (clash, encounter, battle, strike)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃprahāra

saṁprahāra - clash, encounter, fight, striking

Derived from sam-pra-√hṛ

Prefixes: sam+pra

Root: hṛ (class 1)

Note: Subject of āsīt

तुमुलः (tumulaḥ) - tumultuous, fierce (tumultuous, fierce, violent, noisy)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tumula

tumula - tumultuous, violent, noisy, terrible

Note: Agrees with saṃprahāraḥ

तेषाम् (teṣām) - of them (the Saṃśaptakas) (of them, their)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Possessive, refers to the Saṃśaptakas

आसीत् (āsīt) - was (was, existed)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect past (laṅ) of as

Imperfect 3rd person singular of √as

Root: as (class 2)

किरीटिना (kirīṭinā) - by Arjuna (who wore a diadem/crown) (by the crowned one)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of kirīṭin

kirīṭin - crowned, wearing a diadem; an epithet of Arjuna

Derived from kirīṭa (diadem) + -in suffix

Note: Expresses association/participation in the battle ("with")

तस्य (tasya) - of that (kind of battle) (of him, that (referring to the previous kind of battle))

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, of him, its

Note: Refers to saṃprahāra (clash)

एव (eva) - just like, precisely (only, just, indeed, precisely)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes similarity

नः (naḥ) - by us (implied narrator, e.g., Saṃjaya) (to us, by us, for us)

(pronoun)

Dative, plural of asmad

asmad - we, us

Note: Dative/Genitive/Accusative plural of asmad. Here implies "by us" in passive construction.

श्रुतः (śrutaḥ) - heard (heard, listened)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śruta

śruta - heard, perceived, known through hearing

Past Passive Participle

P.P.P. from root śru

Root: śru (class 5)

Note: Agrees with saṃprahāraḥ.

यादृक् (yādṛk) - such as, of the same kind (of what kind, such as, as)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yādṛś

yādṛś - of what kind, such as, like

Note: Refers to saṃprahāraḥ (that clash was *of what kind* - i.e., like the one with Nivātakavacas)

निवातकवचैः (nivātakavacaiḥ) - with the Nivātakavacas (a class of Dānavas defeated by Arjuna) (with the Nivātakavacas)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of nivātakavaca

nivātakavaca - the Nivātakavacas (a class of Dānavas immune to weapons)

Compound of ni-vāta (windless, impenetrable) + kavaca (armour)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (nivāta+kavaca)

• nivāta – windless, impenetrable, unassailable
  adjective (masculine)
  Compound of ni (negative prefix) + vāta (wind)
  Prefix: ni
• kavaca – armor, mail
  noun (neuter)

Note: Indicates association ("with")

सह (saha) - with (with, together with)

(indeclinable)