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8,32

महाभारतः       mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-32, verse-16

कृपश्च कृतवर्मा च शकुनिश्चापि सौबलः ।
हृष्टसेनाः सुसंरब्धा रथानीकैः प्रहारिणः ॥१६॥
16. kṛpaśca kṛtavarmā ca śakuniścāpi saubalaḥ ,
hṛṣṭasenāḥ susaṁrabdhā rathānīkaiḥ prahāriṇaḥ.
16. kṛpaḥ ca kṛtavarmā ca śakuniḥ ca api saubalaḥ
hṛṣṭasenāḥ susaṃrabdhāḥ rathānīkaiḥ prahāriṇaḥ
16. kṛpaḥ ca kṛtavarmā ca śakuniḥ ca api saubalaḥ
hṛṣṭasenāḥ susaṃrabdhāḥ rathānīkaiḥ prahāriṇaḥ
16. Kripa, Kritavarma, and Shakuni, the son of Subala, were greatly enraged. With their eager armies, they attacked with their chariot divisions.

Words meanings summery:

(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)

  • कृपः (kṛpaḥ) - The warrior Kripa. (Kripa (a sage, a warrior))
  • (ca) - and (and; also)
  • कृतवर्मा (kṛtavarmā) - The warrior Kritavarma. (Kritavarma (a warrior))
  • (ca) - and (and; also)
  • शकुनिः (śakuniḥ) - The warrior Shakuni. (Shakuni (a proper name, son of Subala))
  • (ca) - and (and; also)
  • अपि (api) - also (also, even, too)
  • सौबलः (saubalaḥ) - Shakuni, the son of Subala. (son of Subala, Shakuni)
  • हृष्टसेनाः (hṛṣṭasenāḥ) - having eager armies (for battle) (having delighted/eager armies)
  • सुसंरब्धाः (susaṁrabdhāḥ) - greatly enraged (for battle) (greatly agitated, highly enraged, very furious)
  • रथानीकैः (rathānīkaiḥ) - with divisions of chariots (with chariot divisions, with armies of chariots)
  • प्रहारिणः (prahāriṇaḥ) - those who were attacking (striking, attacking, smiting ones)

Words meanings and morphology

कृपः (kṛpaḥ) - The warrior Kripa. (Kripa (a sage, a warrior))
(proper noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of kṛpa
kṛpa - Kripa (a proper name, particularly of a sage and warrior)
(ca) - and (and; also)
(indeclinable)
कृतवर्मा (kṛtavarmā) - The warrior Kritavarma. (Kritavarma (a warrior))
(proper noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of kṛtavarman
kṛtavarman - Kritavarma (a proper name, particularly a warrior from the Vṛṣṇi dynasty)
(ca) - and (and; also)
(indeclinable)
शकुनिः (śakuniḥ) - The warrior Shakuni. (Shakuni (a proper name, son of Subala))
(proper noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of śakuni
śakuni - Shakuni (proper name, particularly the king of Gandhara and brother of Gāndhārī)
(ca) - and (and; also)
(indeclinable)
अपि (api) - also (also, even, too)
(indeclinable)
सौबलः (saubalaḥ) - Shakuni, the son of Subala. (son of Subala, Shakuni)
(proper noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of saubala
saubala - son of Subala (an epithet for Shakuni)
Derived from Subala (proper name of a king, Shakuni's father) with aṇ suffix.
Note: Refers to Shakuni.
हृष्टसेनाः (hṛṣṭasenāḥ) - having eager armies (for battle) (having delighted/eager armies)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of hṛṣṭasena
hṛṣṭasena - one whose army is delighted/eager
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (hṛṣṭa+senā)
  • hṛṣṭa – delighted, glad, excited, eager
    adjective
    Past Passive Participle
    Derived from root hṛṣ (to be excited, rejoice) with suffix -ta.
    Root: hṛṣ (class 1)
  • senā – army, host, forces
    noun (feminine)
Note: Qualifies the warriors (Kripa, Kritavarma, Shakuni).
सुसंरब्धाः (susaṁrabdhāḥ) - greatly enraged (for battle) (greatly agitated, highly enraged, very furious)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of susaṃrabdha
susaṁrabdha - greatly enraged, highly agitated, very furious
Past Passive Participle
Formed from prefix su- (good, intensely) + sam- (together, completely) + root rabh (to seize, be agitated) + suffix -ta.
Compound type : karmadhāraya (su+saṃrabdha)
  • su – good, well, excellent, intensely, very
    indeclinable
  • saṃrabdha – agitated, enraged, furious
    adjective
    Past Passive Participle
    Derived from prefix sam- + root rabh (to seize, be agitated) + suffix -ta.
    Prefix: sam
    Root: rabh (class 1)
Note: Qualifies the warriors.
रथानीकैः (rathānīkaiḥ) - with divisions of chariots (with chariot divisions, with armies of chariots)
(noun)
Instrumental, neuter, plural of rathānīka
rathānīka - division of chariots, chariot army
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ratha+anīka)
  • ratha – chariot
    noun (masculine)
  • anīka – army, host, division of troops
    noun (neuter)
Note: Refers to the means of action.
प्रहारिणः (prahāriṇaḥ) - those who were attacking (striking, attacking, smiting ones)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of prahārin
prahārin - striker, attacker, smiter
Agent Noun / Agentive Suffix
Derived from pra- + root hṛ (to strike, take away) + agent suffix -in.
Prefix: pra
Root: hṛ (class 1)
Note: Qualifies the warriors, describing their action.