महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-32, verse-3

संजय उवाच ।
तत्स्थाने समवस्थाप्य प्रत्यमित्रं महाबलम् ।
अव्यूहतार्जुनो व्यूहं पुत्रस्य तव दुर्नये ॥३॥

3. saṁjaya uvāca ,
tatsthāne samavasthāpya pratyamitraṁ mahābalam ,
avyūhatārjuno vyūhaṁ putrasya tava durnaye.

3. saṃjaya uvāca tatsthāne samavasthāpya prati-amitraṃ
mahābalam avyūhata arjunaḥ vyūhaṃ putrasya tava durnaye

3. saṃjaya uvāca tatsthāne mahābalam prati-amitraṃ samavasthāpya,
tava putrasya durnaye (kāraṇāt) arjunaḥ vyūham avyūhata.

3. Saṃjaya said: "Having positioned the mighty opposing force in that place, Arjuna then formed a battle formation (vyūha), all due to your son's wicked policy (durnaya)."

Words meanings summery:

• संजय (saṁjaya) - The charioteer and narrator to Dhṛtarāṣṭra. (Saṃjaya)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• तत्स्थाने (tatsthāne) - Referring to the specific location on the battlefield where the armies were arrayed. (in that place, there)

• समवस्थाप्य (samavasthāpya) - Having placed the enemy army in opposition. (having positioned, having established, having placed)

• प्रति-अमित्रं (prati-amitraṁ) - The Kaurava army, led by Duryodhana. (against the enemy, the opposing enemy, the adversary)

• महाबलम् (mahābalam) - Describing the opposing Kaurava army. (mighty, very powerful, great force)

• अव्यूहत (avyūhata) - Arjuna formed his battle formation. (arrayed, formed (a battle array))

• अर्जुनः (arjunaḥ) - The Pāṇḍava hero, the one who formed the battle array. (Arjuna)

• व्यूहं (vyūhaṁ) - The strategic arrangement of troops for battle. (battle formation, array, disposition)

• पुत्रस्य (putrasya) - Of Dhṛtarāṣṭra's son, Duryodhana. (of the son)

• तव (tava) - Referring to Dhṛtarāṣṭra, the speaker's (Saṃjaya's) interlocutor. (your)

• दुर्नये (durnaye) - The unjust and aggressive actions of Duryodhana which led to the war and Arjuna's need to array his forces. (in the wicked policy, due to bad conduct, through evil ways)

Words meanings and morphology

संजय (saṁjaya) - The charioteer and narrator to Dhṛtarāṣṭra. (Saṃjaya)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃjaya

saṁjaya - Saṃjaya (proper name), 'victory'

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect tense, active voice, 3rd person singular

From √vac (to speak).

Root: vac (class 2)

तत्स्थाने (tatsthāne) - Referring to the specific location on the battlefield where the armies were arrayed. (in that place, there)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of tatsthāna

tatsthāna - that place, existing there

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (tad+sthāna)

• tad – that, those
  pronoun (neuter)
• sthāna – place, spot, position
  noun (neuter)
  Root: sthā (class 1)

समवस्थाप्य (samavasthāpya) - Having placed the enemy army in opposition. (having positioned, having established, having placed)

(indeclinable participle)

Note: Acts adverbially, indicating a preceding action.

प्रति-अमित्रं (prati-amitraṁ) - The Kaurava army, led by Duryodhana. (against the enemy, the opposing enemy, the adversary)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of prati-amitra

prati-amitra - opposing enemy, adversary

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (prati+amitra)

• prati – against, towards, for
  indeclinable
• amitra – enemy, foe, not a friend
  noun (masculine)

Note: Object of 'samavasthāpya'.

महाबलम् (mahābalam) - Describing the opposing Kaurava army. (mighty, very powerful, great force)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mahābala

mahābala - mighty, very powerful, of great strength

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+bala)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• bala – strength, power, force, army
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with 'prati-amitraṃ'.

अव्यूहत (avyūhata) - Arjuna formed his battle formation. (arrayed, formed (a battle array))

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, past imperfect (laṅ) of vyūh

Imperfect tense, middle voice, 3rd person singular

Root √ūh (to push, move, arrange) with prefix vi-. Imperfect (laṅ) middle 3rd singular.

Prefix: vi

Root: ūh (class 1)

Note: Augment 'a' at the beginning.

अर्जुनः (arjunaḥ) - The Pāṇḍava hero, the one who formed the battle array. (Arjuna)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of arjuna

arjuna - Arjuna (proper name), white, clear

Note: Subject of 'avyūhata'.

व्यूहं (vyūhaṁ) - The strategic arrangement of troops for battle. (battle formation, array, disposition)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vyūha

vyūha - battle formation, array, disposition of troops, arrangement

Prefix: vi

Root: ūh (class 1)

Note: Object of 'avyūhata'.

पुत्रस्य (putrasya) - Of Dhṛtarāṣṭra's son, Duryodhana. (of the son)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son, child

Note: Possessive, modifying 'durnaye'.

तव (tava) - Referring to Dhṛtarāṣṭra, the speaker's (Saṃjaya's) interlocutor. (your)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Possessive, modifying 'putrasya'.

दुर्नये (durnaye) - The unjust and aggressive actions of Duryodhana which led to the war and Arjuna's need to array his forces. (in the wicked policy, due to bad conduct, through evil ways)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of durnaya

durnaya - bad policy, misconduct, evil counsel, wrong path

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dur+naya)

• dur – bad, difficult, ill
  prefix
• naya – policy, conduct, leading, guidance
  noun (masculine)
  Root: nī (class 1)

Note: Expresses cause or circumstance ('because of').