महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-57, verse-7

किमर्थं च विषादस्ते तद्ब्रूहि वदतां वर ।
न शोचितव्यं विदुषा शोकः कार्यविनाशनः ॥७॥

7. kimarthaṁ ca viṣādaste tadbrūhi vadatāṁ vara ,
na śocitavyaṁ viduṣā śokaḥ kāryavināśanaḥ.

7. kimartham ca viṣādaḥ te tat brūhi vadatām vara
na śocitavyam viduṣā śokaḥ kāryavināśanaḥ

7. vadatām vara ca te viṣādaḥ kimartham tat brūhi
viduṣā na śocitavyam śokaḥ kāryavināśanaḥ

7. And for what purpose is this sorrow (viṣāda) of yours? Tell me that, O best among speakers. A wise person should not grieve, for sorrow (śoka) destroys one's actions.

Words meanings summery:

• किमर्थम् (kimartham) - for what purpose (for what purpose, why)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• विषादः (viṣādaḥ) - sorrow (sorrow, dejection)

• ते (te) - your (possessive) (to you, your, by you)

• तत् (tat) - that (referring to the reason for sorrow) (that, therefore)

• ब्रूहि (brūhi) - tell (tell, say)

• वदताम् (vadatām) - of speakers (of those who speak, of speakers)

• वर (vara) - best (used in vocative) (best, excellent, boon, choice)

• न (na) - not

• शोचितव्यम् (śocitavyam) - should grieve (impersonal passive, 'it should not be grieved by a wise man') (should be grieved, to be lamented)

• विदुषा (viduṣā) - by a wise person (by a wise person, by one who knows)

• शोकः (śokaḥ) - sorrow (sorrow, grief)

• कार्यविनाशनः (kāryavināśanaḥ) - destroyer of action

Words meanings and morphology

किमर्थम् (kimartham) - for what purpose (for what purpose, why)

(indeclinable)

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (kim+artha)

• kim – what, which
  pronoun (neuter)
• artha – purpose, meaning, wealth
  noun (masculine)

Note: Used adverbially.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

विषादः (viṣādaḥ) - sorrow (sorrow, dejection)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of viṣāda

viṣāda - dejection, despondency, sorrow

Derived from vi-sad (to sink down)

Prefix: vi

Root: sad (class 1)

Note: Subject of an implied 'is'.

ते (te) - your (possessive) (to you, your, by you)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Enclitic form of the pronoun 'you'.

तत् (tat) - that (referring to the reason for sorrow) (that, therefore)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, this, he, she, it

Note: Object of brūhi.

ब्रूहि (brūhi) - tell (tell, say)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of brū

Root: brū (class 2)

वदताम् (vadatām) - of speakers (of those who speak, of speakers)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of vadat

vadat - speaking, speaker

Present Active Participle

Derived from √vad (to speak)

Root: vad (class 1)

Note: Governed by vara.

वर (vara) - best (used in vocative) (best, excellent, boon, choice)

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of vara

vara - best, excellent, choice, boon

Root: vṛ (class 1)

Note: Compound 'vadatāṃ vara' forms a vocative address.

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

शोचितव्यम् (śocitavyam) - should grieve (impersonal passive, 'it should not be grieved by a wise man') (should be grieved, to be lamented)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of śocitavya

śocitavya - to be grieved, lamentable

Gerundive (kṛtya)

Derived from √śuc (to grieve, to sorrow) with -tavya suffix

Root: śuc (class 1)

Note: Used impersonally.

विदुषा (viduṣā) - by a wise person (by a wise person, by one who knows)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vidvas

vidvas - wise, learned, knowing person

Perfect Active Participle

Derived from √vid (to know)

Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Agent with the gerundive śocitavyam.

शोकः (śokaḥ) - sorrow (sorrow, grief)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śoka

śoka - sorrow, grief, lamentation

Derived from √śuc (to grieve)

Root: śuc (class 1)

Note: Subject of the sentence.

कार्यविनाशनः (kāryavināśanaḥ) - destroyer of action

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kāryavināśana

kāryavināśana - destroyer of work/action

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (kārya+vināśana)

• kārya – work, action, duty, what is to be done
  noun (neuter)
  Gerundive
  Derived from √kṛ (to do)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• vināśana – destroying, destruction, destroyer
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from vi-√naś (to perish)
  Prefix: vi
  Root: naś (class 4)

Note: Predicate nominative for śokaḥ.