महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-57, verse-12

दश चैका च ताः कृष्ण अक्षौहिण्यः सुदुर्जयाः ।
प्रतिज्ञायां च हीनायां कथं जीवेत मद्विधः ॥१२॥

12. daśa caikā ca tāḥ kṛṣṇa akṣauhiṇyaḥ sudurjayāḥ ,
pratijñāyāṁ ca hīnāyāṁ kathaṁ jīveta madvidhaḥ.

12. daśa ca ekā ca tāḥ kṛṣṇa akṣauhiṇyaḥ sudurjayāḥ
pratijñāyāṃ ca hīnāyāṃ kathaṃ jīveta madvidhaḥ

12. kṛṣṇa tāḥ daśa ca ekā ca sudurjayāḥ akṣauhiṇyaḥ
pratijñāyāṃ ca hīnāyāṃ madvidhaḥ kathaṃ jīveta

12. O Krishna, those eleven akṣauhiṇī armies are very difficult to conquer. And if the vow is not fulfilled, how could a man like me continue to live?

Words meanings summery:

• दश (daśa) - ten

• च (ca) - and

• एका (ekā) - one

• च (ca) - and

• ताः (tāḥ) - those

• कृष्ण (kṛṣṇa) - O Krishna

• अक्षौहिण्यः (akṣauhiṇyaḥ) - akṣauhiṇī armies (a specific large division of an army)

• सुदुर्जयाः (sudurjayāḥ) - very difficult to conquer

• प्रतिज्ञायां (pratijñāyāṁ) - in the vow, regarding the vow

• च (ca) - and

• हीनायां (hīnāyāṁ) - unfulfilled, failed, lost

• कथं (kathaṁ) - how?

• जीवेत (jīveta) - (he/one) would live, should live

• मद्विधः (madvidhaḥ) - a warrior like me (Arjuna) (one like me)

Words meanings and morphology

दश (daśa) - ten

(numeral)

Note: Agrees with 'akṣauhiṇyaḥ'.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

एका (ekā) - one

(numeral)

Note: Agrees with 'akṣauhiṇyaḥ' in gender.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

ताः (tāḥ) - those

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Agrees with 'akṣauhiṇyaḥ'.

कृष्ण (kṛṣṇa) - O Krishna

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of kṛṣṇa

kṛṣṇa - Krishna (name of a deity, meaning 'dark' or 'black')

अक्षौहिण्यः (akṣauhiṇyaḥ) - akṣauhiṇī armies (a specific large division of an army)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of akṣauhiṇī

akṣauhiṇī - a large division of an army (consisting of 21,870 chariots, 21,870 elephants, 65,610 horses, and 109,350 foot-soldiers)

सुदुर्जयाः (sudurjayāḥ) - very difficult to conquer

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of sudurjaya

sudurjaya - very difficult to conquer, invincible

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (su+dur+jaya)

• su – very, easily, good (prefix)
  indeclinable
• dur – difficult, bad, hard (prefix)
  indeclinable
• jaya – conquerable, victorious
  adjective
  Derived from √ji (to conquer).
  Root: ji (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'akṣauhiṇyaḥ'.

प्रतिज्ञायां (pratijñāyāṁ) - in the vow, regarding the vow

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of pratijñā

pratijñā - vow, promise, agreement

Prefix: prati

Root: jñā (class 9)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

हीनायां (hīnāyāṁ) - unfulfilled, failed, lost

(adjective)

Locative, feminine, singular of hīna

hīna - left, abandoned, deficient, failed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root √hā (to leave, abandon, lose).

Root: hā (class 3)

Note: Agrees with 'pratijñāyāṃ'.

कथं (kathaṁ) - how?

(indeclinable)

जीवेत (jīveta) - (he/one) would live, should live

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of jīv

Root: jīv (class 1)

मद्विधः (madvidhaḥ) - a warrior like me (Arjuna) (one like me)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of madvidha

madvidha - one like me, of my kind

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mad+vidha)

• mad – my, me
  pronoun
• vidha – kind, sort, manner (suffix)
  suffixal element