महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-57, verse-10

मया प्रतिज्ञा महती जयद्रथवधे कृता ।
श्वोऽस्मि हन्ता दुरात्मानं पुत्रघ्नमिति केशव ॥१०॥

10. mayā pratijñā mahatī jayadrathavadhe kṛtā ,
śvo'smi hantā durātmānaṁ putraghnamiti keśava.

10. mayā pratijñā mahatī jayadrathavadhe kṛtā śvaḥ
asmi hantā durātmānaṃ putraghnam iti keśava

10. keśava mayā jayadrathavadhe mahatī pratijñā
kṛtā śvaḥ durātmānaṃ putraghnam hantā asmi iti

10. O Keśava, I have made a great vow regarding the slaying of Jayadratha. Tomorrow, I will be the killer of that evil-minded murderer of my son.

Words meanings summery:

• मया (mayā) - by me

• प्रतिज्ञा (pratijñā) - vow, promise

• महती (mahatī) - great, large, important

• जयद्रथवधे (jayadrathavadhe) - in the killing of Jayadratha, concerning the slaying of Jayadratha

• कृता (kṛtā) - made, done, performed

• श्वः (śvaḥ) - tomorrow

• अस्मि (asmi) - I am

• हन्ता (hantā) - killer, slayer

• दुरात्मानं (durātmānaṁ) - the evil-minded Jayadratha (the evil-minded one, the wicked person)

• पुत्रघ्नम् (putraghnam) - Jayadratha, the killer of Abhimanyu (the son-killer, one who killed a son)

• इति (iti) - thus, so (marks direct speech or thought)

• केशव (keśava) - O Krishna (addressed by Arjuna) (O Keśava)

Words meanings and morphology

मया (mayā) - by me

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

Note: First person pronoun.

प्रतिज्ञा (pratijñā) - vow, promise

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of pratijñā

pratijñā - vow, promise, agreement

Prefix: prati

Root: jñā (class 9)

महती (mahatī) - great, large, important

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, mighty

Note: Feminine form, agreeing with 'pratijñā'.

जयद्रथवधे (jayadrathavadhe) - in the killing of Jayadratha, concerning the slaying of Jayadratha

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of jayadrathavadha

jayadrathavadha - killing of Jayadratha

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (jayadratha+vadha)

• jayadratha – Jayadratha (name of a Sindhu king)
  proper noun (masculine)
• vadha – killing, slaying, murder
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from √han (to strike, kill).
  Root: han

कृता (kṛtā) - made, done, performed

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of kṛta

kṛta - done, made, performed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root √kṛ (to do, make).

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Agrees with 'pratijñā'.

श्वः (śvaḥ) - tomorrow

(indeclinable)

अस्मि (asmi) - I am

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present indicative (laṭ) of as

Root: as (class 2)

हन्ता (hantā) - killer, slayer

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hantṛ

hantṛ - killer, slayer, destroyer

Agent Noun

Derived from the root √han (to strike, kill) with the suffix -tṛ.

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Functions as a predicate nominative with 'asmi'.

दुरात्मानं (durātmānaṁ) - the evil-minded Jayadratha (the evil-minded one, the wicked person)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of durātman

durātman - evil-minded, wicked, malicious

Compound type : karmadhāraya (dur+ātman)

• dur – bad, evil, difficult (prefix)
  indeclinable
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, mind
  noun (masculine)

Note: Object of 'hantā'.

पुत्रघ्नम् (putraghnam) - Jayadratha, the killer of Abhimanyu (the son-killer, one who killed a son)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of putraghna

putraghna - son-killer

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (putra+ghna)

• putra – son
  noun (masculine)
• ghna – killing, slayer (as a suffix)
  suffixal element
  Derived from √han (to strike, kill).
  Root: han

Note: In apposition to 'durātmānaṃ'.

इति (iti) - thus, so (marks direct speech or thought)

(indeclinable)

केशव (keśava) - O Krishna (addressed by Arjuna) (O Keśava)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of keśava

keśava - Keśava (an epithet of Krishna, meaning 'having fine hair' or 'slayer of the demon Keśī')