महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-57, verse-14

शोकस्थानं तु तच्छ्रुत्वा पार्थस्य द्विजकेतनः ।
संस्पृश्याम्भस्ततः कृष्णः प्राङ्मुखः समवस्थितः ॥१४॥

14. śokasthānaṁ tu tacchrutvā pārthasya dvijaketanaḥ ,
saṁspṛśyāmbhastataḥ kṛṣṇaḥ prāṅmukhaḥ samavasthitaḥ.

14. śokasthānaṃ tu tat śrutvā pārthasya dvijaketanaḥ
saṃspṛśya ambhaḥ tataḥ kṛṣṇaḥ prāṅmukhaḥ samavasthitaḥ

14. pārthasya śokasthānaṃ tat śrutvā,
dvijaketanaḥ kṛṣṇaḥ tataḥ ambhaḥ saṃspṛśya prāṅmukhaḥ samavasthitaḥ tu.

14. Hearing of that cause for sorrow concerning Arjuna, Krishna, whose banner bears an eagle (dvijaketana), then touched water and sat composed, facing the east.

Words meanings summery:

• शोकस्थानम् (śokasthānam) - the specific reason for Arjuna's distress (the killing of Abhimanyu) (cause of sorrow, place of sorrow)

• तु (tu) - emphasizes the statement (but, indeed, yet, however)

• तत् (tat) - referring to the 'cause of sorrow' (that, it)

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - after hearing the news of Abhimanyu's death and Arjuna's vow (having heard)

• पार्थस्य (pārthasya) - referring to Arjuna, son of Pṛthā/Kuntī (of Partha, of Arjuna)

• द्विजकेतनः (dvijaketanaḥ) - an epithet for Krishna, whose banner bears an eagle (Garuda) (whose banner is a bird/twice-born)

• संस्पृश्य (saṁspṛśya) - having ritually touched water (having touched)

• अम्भः (ambhaḥ) - water for ritual purification (ācamana) (water)

• ततः (tataḥ) - subsequently, after touching water (then, therefrom, afterwards)

• कृष्णः (kṛṣṇaḥ) - The divine charioteer and counselor of Arjuna. (Krishna)

• प्राङ्मुखः (prāṅmukhaḥ) - facing the auspicious direction for ritual acts (facing east)

• समवस्थितः (samavasthitaḥ) - remained calm and composed (stood still, sat composed, remained)

Words meanings and morphology

शोकस्थानम् (śokasthānam) - the specific reason for Arjuna's distress (the killing of Abhimanyu) (cause of sorrow, place of sorrow)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śokasthāna

śokasthāna - cause of sorrow, object of grief

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śoka+sthāna)

• śoka – sorrow, grief, distress
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root śuc (to grieve).
  Root: śuc (class 1)
• sthāna – place, position, cause, occasion
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from root sthā (to stand).
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Object of 'śrutvā'.

तु (tu) - emphasizes the statement (but, indeed, yet, however)

(indeclinable)

Note: Particle.

तत् (tat) - referring to the 'cause of sorrow' (that, it)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, this, it

Note: Accusative singular neuter, object of 'śrutvā'.

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - after hearing the news of Abhimanyu's death and Arjuna's vow (having heard)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed with suffix -tvā.

Root: śru (class 5)

Note: Absolutive (Gerund).

पार्थस्य (pārthasya) - referring to Arjuna, son of Pṛthā/Kuntī (of Partha, of Arjuna)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of pārtha

pārtha - son of Pṛthā (Kuntī), Arjuna

Derived from Pṛthā + aṇ affix.

Note: Possessive case.

द्विजकेतनः (dvijaketanaḥ) - an epithet for Krishna, whose banner bears an eagle (Garuda) (whose banner is a bird/twice-born)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dvijaketana

dvijaketana - one whose banner is an eagle (Garuda); an epithet for Krishna

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dvija+ketana)

• dvija – twice-born (Brahmin, Kshatriya, Vaishya), bird, tooth
  noun (masculine)
  Formed from dvi (two) + jan (to be born).
  Root: jan (class 4)
• ketana – banner, flag, emblem, sign
  noun (neuter)
  From root cit (to perceive), with -ana suffix.
  Root: cit (class 1)

Note: Qualifies Kṛṣṇa.

संस्पृश्य (saṁspṛśya) - having ritually touched water (having touched)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed with prefix saṃ- and suffix -ya.

Prefix: sam

Root: spṛś (class 6)

Note: Absolutive (Gerund).

अम्भः (ambhaḥ) - water for ritual purification (ācamana) (water)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of ambhas

ambhas - water

Note: Object of 'saṃspṛśya'.

ततः (tataḥ) - subsequently, after touching water (then, therefrom, afterwards)

(indeclinable)

From 'tad' with -tas suffix.

Note: Adverb of time.

कृष्णः (kṛṣṇaḥ) - The divine charioteer and counselor of Arjuna. (Krishna)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṛṣṇa

kṛṣṇa - Krishna (a deity), black, dark

Note: Subject of the sentence.

प्राङ्मुखः (prāṅmukhaḥ) - facing the auspicious direction for ritual acts (facing east)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prāṅmukha

prāṅmukha - facing east

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (prāñc+mukha)

• prāñc – eastern, front
  adjective (masculine)
  Root añc (to bend, go) with pra prefix.
  Prefix: pra
  Root: añc (class 1)
• mukha – face, mouth, front
  noun (neuter)

Note: Qualifies Kṛṣṇa.

समवस्थितः (samavasthitaḥ) - remained calm and composed (stood still, sat composed, remained)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of samavasthita

samavasthita - well-situated, composed, standing firm

Past Passive Participle

Formed from root sthā (to stand) with prefixes sam- and ava-.

Prefixes: sam+ava

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Predicative adjective for Kṛṣṇa.