मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-113, verse-18
सुनन्दं नाम मुशलं त्वष्ट्रा यन्निर्मितं पुरा ।
तज्जहार स दुष्टात्मा तेन हन्ति रणे रिपून् ॥१८॥
तज्जहार स दुष्टात्मा तेन हन्ति रणे रिपून् ॥१८॥
18. sunandaṃ nāma muśalaṃ tvaṣṭrā yannirmitaṃ purā .
tajjahāra sa duṣṭātmā tena hanti raṇe ripūn.
tajjahāra sa duṣṭātmā tena hanti raṇe ripūn.
18.
sunandam nāma muśalam tvaṣṭrā yat nirmitam purā
tat jahāra saḥ duṣṭātmā tena hanti raṇe ripūn
tat jahāra saḥ duṣṭātmā tena hanti raṇe ripūn
18.
That wicked one (duṣṭātmā) stole the mace named Sunanda, which Tvaṣṭā had fashioned long ago. With it, he slays enemies in battle.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- सुनन्दम् (sunandam) - named Sunanda (the mace) (named Sunanda (a proper name))
- नाम (nāma) - named (name, by name, indeed, certainly)
- मुशलम् (muśalam) - mace (mace, club)
- त्वष्ट्रा (tvaṣṭrā) - by Tvaṣṭā (by Tvaṣṭā (the divine craftsman))
- यत् (yat) - which (which, what, that (neuter singular nominative/accusative relative pronoun))
- निर्मितम् (nirmitam) - had fashioned, created (created, fashioned, made)
- पुरा (purā) - long ago (formerly, anciently, long ago)
- तत् (tat) - that (mace) (that (neuter singular nominative/accusative demonstrative pronoun))
- जहार (jahāra) - stole (took away, carried off, stole)
- सः (saḥ) - he (he (masculine singular nominative demonstrative pronoun))
- दुष्टात्मा (duṣṭātmā) - wicked one (evil-souled, wicked, vile person)
- तेन (tena) - with it (the mace) (by it, with it (instrumental singular neuter/masculine))
- हन्ति (hanti) - slays (kills, strikes, smites)
- रणे (raṇe) - in battle (in battle, in war)
- रिपून् (ripūn) - enemies (enemies, foes)
Words meanings and morphology
सुनन्दम् (sunandam) - named Sunanda (the mace) (named Sunanda (a proper name))
(proper noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of sunanda
sunanda - auspicious, pleasant, happy; (as a proper name) Sunanda
From 'su' (good) + 'nanda' (joy, rejoicing).
Compound type : karmadhāraya (su+nanda)
- su – good, well, excellent
indeclinable - nanda – joy, happiness, a son, Nanda
noun (masculine)
From root 'nand' (to rejoice, be glad).
Root: nand (class 1)
Note: Adjectival use as a name for the mace.
नाम (nāma) - named (name, by name, indeed, certainly)
(indeclinable)
Often used as an indeclinable to mean 'by name' or 'named'.
Note: Functions adverbially here.
मुशलम् (muśalam) - mace (mace, club)
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of muśala
muśala - mace, club, pestle
Note: Object of the implicit verb 'created' (nirmitam).
त्वष्ट्रा (tvaṣṭrā) - by Tvaṣṭā (by Tvaṣṭā (the divine craftsman))
(proper noun)
Instrumental, masculine, singular of tvaṣṭṛ
tvaṣṭṛ - Tvaṣṭā (the divine carpenter/craftsman), creator, fashioner
Noun derived from root 'tvakṣ' (to fashion, to build).
Root: tvakṣ
Note: Agent of the passive verb 'nirmitam'.
यत् (yat) - which (which, what, that (neuter singular nominative/accusative relative pronoun))
(pronoun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of yad
yad - which, what
Note: Relative pronoun referring to 'muśalam'.
निर्मितम् (nirmitam) - had fashioned, created (created, fashioned, made)
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, singular of nirmita
nirmita - created, fashioned, made, constructed
Past Passive Participle
From root 'mā' (to measure, build, create) with prefix 'nir-' and 'kta' suffix.
Prefix: nir
Root: mā (class 2)
Note: Participial adjective modifying 'muśalam' and 'yat'.
पुरा (purā) - long ago (formerly, anciently, long ago)
(indeclinable)
Adverb of time.
तत् (tat) - that (mace) (that (neuter singular nominative/accusative demonstrative pronoun))
(pronoun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of tad
tad - that, he, she, it
Note: Correlative pronoun for 'yat', refers to 'muśalam'.
जहार (jahāra) - stole (took away, carried off, stole)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, perfect past (liṭ) of hṛ
Perfect tense (liṭ)
Reduplicated perfect form of root 'hṛ'.
Root: hṛ (class 1)
सः (saḥ) - he (he (masculine singular nominative demonstrative pronoun))
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that, he, she, it
Note: Subject of 'jahāra'.
दुष्टात्मा (duṣṭātmā) - wicked one (evil-souled, wicked, vile person)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of duṣṭātman
duṣṭātman - evil-souled, wicked, vile (person or soul)
Compound of 'duṣṭa' (wicked, corrupted) and 'ātman' (self, soul).
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (duṣṭa+ātman)
- duṣṭa – wicked, corrupted, bad, spoiled
adjective (masculine)
Past Passive Participle
From root 'duṣ' (to spoil, be bad) with past passive participle suffix 'kta'.
Root: duṣ (class 4) - ātman – self, soul, spirit, ego (ātman)
noun (masculine)
तेन (tena) - with it (the mace) (by it, with it (instrumental singular neuter/masculine))
(pronoun)
Instrumental, neuter, singular of tad
tad - that, he, she, it
Note: Refers to 'muśalam' (mace).
हन्ति (hanti) - slays (kills, strikes, smites)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, present indicative (laṭ) of han
Root: han (class 2)
रणे (raṇe) - in battle (in battle, in war)
(noun)
Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa
raṇa - battle, war, combat, conflict
From root 'raṇ' (to sound, rejoice, clash).
Root: raṇ (class 1)
रिपून् (ripūn) - enemies (enemies, foes)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, plural of ripu
ripu - enemy, foe, adversary
Note: Object of 'hanti'.