मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-113, verse-17
क्रियते तेन यत्किञ्चिद्रत्नभूतं महीतले ।
त्रिदिवे वा नरपते तं कथं वेत्ति नो भवान् ॥१७॥
त्रिदिवे वा नरपते तं कथं वेत्ति नो भवान् ॥१७॥
17. kriyate tena yatkiñcidratnabhūtaṃ mahītale .
tridive vā narapate taṃ kathaṃ vetti no bhavān.
tridive vā narapate taṃ kathaṃ vetti no bhavān.
17.
kriyate tena yatkiñcit ratnabhūtam mahītale
tridive vā narapate tam kathaṃ vetti na bhavān
tridive vā narapate tam kathaṃ vetti na bhavān
17.
O king, how is it that you do not know him, considering whatever precious thing exists, created by him, whether on earth or in heaven?
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- क्रियते (kriyate) - is created (is done, is made, is created)
- तेन (tena) - by him (by him, by that, with it)
- यत्किञ्चित् (yatkiñcit) - whatever precious thing (whatever, whatsoever, anything)
- रत्नभूतम् (ratnabhūtam) - precious (thing) (existing as a jewel, jewel-like, precious)
- महीतले (mahītale) - on earth (on the surface of the earth, on earth)
- त्रिदिवे (tridive) - in heaven (in heaven, in the three worlds)
- वा (vā) - or (or, either...or)
- नरपते (narapate) - O king (O king, O lord of men)
- तम् (tam) - him (him, that (masculine singular accusative))
- कथं (kathaṁ) - how (how, in what manner)
- वेत्ति (vetti) - knows (knows, understands)
- न (na) - not (not, no)
- भवान् (bhavān) - you (your honor, you (masculine singular nominative, respectful))
Words meanings and morphology
क्रियते (kriyate) - is created (is done, is made, is created)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, passive, present indicative (laṭ) of kṛ
The root 'kṛ' (class 8) forms 'karoti' (active) and 'kriyate' (passive).
Root: kṛ (class 8)
तेन (tena) - by him (by him, by that, with it)
(pronoun)
Instrumental, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that, he, she, it
यत्किञ्चित् (yatkiñcit) - whatever precious thing (whatever, whatsoever, anything)
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, singular of yatkiñcit
yatkiñcit - whatever, whatsoever, anything
Compound of 'yat' (which, what) and 'kiñcit' (a little, something). Often functions as an indefinite pronoun/adjective.
Compound type : avyayībhāva (yat+kiñcit)
- yat – which, what
pronoun (neuter) - kiñcit – a little, some, anything
pronoun (neuter)
Note: Functions here as an indefinite adjective, matching 'ratnabhūtam' in gender, number, case.
रत्नभूतम् (ratnabhūtam) - precious (thing) (existing as a jewel, jewel-like, precious)
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, singular of ratnabhūta
ratnabhūta - jewel-like, existing as a jewel, precious
Past Passive Participle
Compound of 'ratna' (jewel) and 'bhūta' (become, existing). 'bhūta' is from root 'bhū' + 'kta' suffix.
Compound type : karmadhāraya (ratna+bhūta)
- ratna – jewel, gem
noun (neuter) - bhūta – become, existing, past, being
adjective (masculine)
Past Passive Participle
From root 'bhū' (to be, to become) with past passive participle suffix 'kta'.
Root: bhū (class 1)
Note: Qualifies an implied noun 'thing' (neuter).
महीतले (mahītale) - on earth (on the surface of the earth, on earth)
(noun)
Locative, neuter, singular of mahītala
mahītala - earth's surface, ground
Compound of 'mahī' (earth) and 'tala' (surface, ground).
Compound type : tatpurusha (mahī+tala)
- mahī – earth
noun (feminine) - tala – surface, ground, plain
noun (neuter)
त्रिदिवे (tridive) - in heaven (in heaven, in the three worlds)
(noun)
Locative, neuter, singular of tridiva
tridiva - heaven, sky, the three worlds (earth, atmosphere, sky)
From 'tri' (three) + 'div' (sky, heaven).
Compound type : dvigu (tri+div)
- tri – three
numeral - div – sky, heaven, day
noun (neuter)
वा (vā) - or (or, either...or)
(indeclinable)
नरपते (narapate) - O king (O king, O lord of men)
(noun)
Vocative, masculine, singular of narapati
narapati - king, lord of men
Compound of 'nara' (man) and 'pati' (lord, master).
Compound type : tatpurusha (nara+pati)
- nara – man, human being
noun (masculine) - pati – lord, master, husband
noun (masculine)
तम् (tam) - him (him, that (masculine singular accusative))
(pronoun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that, he, she, it
कथं (kathaṁ) - how (how, in what manner)
(indeclinable)
वेत्ति (vetti) - knows (knows, understands)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, present indicative (laṭ) of vid
Root 'vid' (class 2) is athematic, forming 'vetti' in present tense.
Root: vid (class 2)
न (na) - not (not, no)
(indeclinable)
Original form of the negative particle 'no' before 'bhavān'.
भवान् (bhavān) - you (your honor, you (masculine singular nominative, respectful))
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of bhavat
bhavat - being, existing, your honor, you
Present Active Participle
From root 'bhū' (to be) + 'śatṛ' (present active participle suffix). Declines like a noun. Used respectfully to mean 'you'.
Root: bhū (class 1)
Note: Respectful second-person pronoun.