मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-6, verse-52
कॢप्तकेशनखश्मश्रुः पात्री दण्डी कुसुम्भवान ।
विचरेन्नियतो नित्यं सर्वभूतान्यपीडयन ॥५२॥
विचरेन्नियतो नित्यं सर्वभूतान्यपीडयन ॥५२॥
52. kḷptakeśanakhaśmaśruḥ pātrī daṇḍī kusumbhavān ,
vicarenniyato nityaṁ sarvabhūtānyapīḍayan.
vicarenniyato nityaṁ sarvabhūtānyapīḍayan.
52.
kḷptakeśanakhaśmaśruḥ pātrī daṇḍī kusumbhavān
vicarenniyato nityaṃ sarvabhūtānyapīḍayan
vicarenniyato nityaṃ sarvabhūtānyapīḍayan
52.
kḷptakeśanakhaśmaśruḥ pātrī daṇḍī kusumbhavān
niyataḥ nityaṃ vicaret sarvabhūtāni apīḍayan
niyataḥ nityaṃ vicaret sarvabhūtāni apīḍayan
52.
With hair, nails, and beard trimmed, possessing a bowl and staff, and clad in saffron robes, one should wander, always self-controlled and harming no living beings.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- कॢप्तकेशनखश्मश्रुः (kḷptakeśanakhaśmaśruḥ) - having trimmed hair, nails, and beard
- पात्री (pātrī) - possessing a bowl
- दण्डी (daṇḍī) - possessing a staff (possessing a staff, carrying a staff)
- कुसुम्भवान् (kusumbhavān) - clad in saffron robes (clad in saffron or safflower-colored garments)
- विचरेत् (vicaret) - should wander (should wander, should move about)
- नियतः (niyataḥ) - self-controlled (controlled, restrained, regular, fixed)
- नित्यं (nityaṁ) - always (always, eternally, constantly)
- सर्वभूतानि (sarvabhūtāni) - all living beings (all beings, all creatures)
- अपीडयन् (apīḍayan) - harming no living beings (without causing pain, without afflicting)
Words meanings and morphology
कॢप्तकेशनखश्मश्रुः (kḷptakeśanakhaśmaśruḥ) - having trimmed hair, nails, and beard
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of kḷptakeśanakhaśmaśru
kḷptakeśanakhaśmaśru - one whose hair, nails, and beard are trimmed
Past Passive Participle
compound of 'kḷpta' (trimmed, arranged) and 'keśanakhaśmaśru' (hair, nails, and beard)
Compound type : bahuvrihi (kḷpta+keśa+nakha+śmaśru)
- kḷpta – arranged, trimmed, prepared, established
adjective (masculine)
Past Passive Participle
from the root 'kḷp' (to be arranged, to be established)
Root: kḷp (class 1) - keśa – hair (on the head)
noun (masculine) - nakha – nail
noun (masculine) - śmaśru – beard, mustache
noun (neuter)
Note: Describes the subject of the verb 'vicaret'.
पात्री (pātrī) - possessing a bowl
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of pātra
pātra - bowl, vessel, leaf (for eating)
Note: Implies possession, agreeing with the subject.
दण्डी (daṇḍī) - possessing a staff (possessing a staff, carrying a staff)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of daṇḍin
daṇḍin - one who carries a staff, an ascetic with a staff
from 'daṇḍa' (staff) with the suffix '-in'
Note: Describes the subject of the verb 'vicaret'.
कुसुम्भवान् (kusumbhavān) - clad in saffron robes (clad in saffron or safflower-colored garments)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of kusumbhavat
kusumbhavat - wearing garments dyed with safflower
from 'kusumbha' (safflower) with the suffix '-vat'
Note: Describes the attire of the subject.
विचरेत् (vicaret) - should wander (should wander, should move about)
(verb)
3rd person , active, potential (liṅ) of vicṛ
Potential
from the root 'vṛ' (to cover, to choose) with prefix 'vi' (apart, widely) and 'ṛ'
Prefix: vi
Root: vṛ (class 9)
नियतः (niyataḥ) - self-controlled (controlled, restrained, regular, fixed)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of niyata
niyata - controlled, restrained, fixed, appointed, regular
Past Passive Participle
from the root 'yam' (to hold, to restrain) with prefix 'ni' (down, completely)
Prefix: ni
Root: yam (class 1)
Note: Modifies the subject, describing their state.
नित्यं (nityaṁ) - always (always, eternally, constantly)
(adjective)
Accusative, neuter, singular of nitya
nitya - eternal, constant, perpetual, always
related to 'nidra' (sleep) or 'nidāna' (origin)
Note: Functions as an adverb modifying 'vicaret'.
सर्वभूतानि (sarvabhūtāni) - all living beings (all beings, all creatures)
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, plural of sarvabhūta
sarvabhūta - all beings, all creatures, everything that exists
Past Passive Participle
compound of 'sarva' (all) and 'bhūta' (being, existence, creature)
Compound type : tatpurusha (sarva+bhūta)
- sarva – all, entire, whole
adjective (masculine) - bhūta – being, creature, element, past
noun (masculine)
Past Passive Participle
from the root 'bhū' (to be, to exist)
Root: bhū (class 1)
Note: The object of the gerund 'apīḍayan'.
अपीडयन् (apīḍayan) - harming no living beings (without causing pain, without afflicting)
(indeclinable)
Gerund
from the root 'pīḍ' (to press, to afflict) with prefix 'a' (negation)
Prefix: a
Root: pīḍ (class 10)
Note: Modifies the action of 'vicaret', indicating the manner in which the wandering should be done.