मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-6, verse-97
एष वोऽभिहितो धर्मो ब्राह्मणस्य चतुर्विधः ।
पुण्योऽक्षयफलः प्रेत्य राज्ञां धर्मं निबोधत ॥९७॥
पुण्योऽक्षयफलः प्रेत्य राज्ञां धर्मं निबोधत ॥९७॥
97. eṣa vo'bhihito dharmo brāhmaṇasya caturvidhaḥ ,
puṇyo'kṣayaphalaḥ pretya rājñāṁ dharmaṁ nibodhata.
puṇyo'kṣayaphalaḥ pretya rājñāṁ dharmaṁ nibodhata.
97.
eṣa vo 'bhivihito dharmo brāhmaṇasya caturvidhaḥ |
puṇyaḥ akṣayaphalaḥ pretya rājñām dharmam nibodhata
puṇyaḥ akṣayaphalaḥ pretya rājñām dharmam nibodhata
97.
eṣaḥ vo 'bhihitah caturvidhaḥ dharmah brāhmaṇasya
puṇyah akṣayaphalaḥ pretya rājñām dharmam nibodhata
puṇyah akṣayaphalaḥ pretya rājñām dharmam nibodhata
97.
This is the fourfold constitution (dharma) told for you (the Brahmin). Now, know the constitution (dharma) of kings, which is meritorious and yields imperishable fruit after death.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- एष (eṣa) - this
- वो (vo) - for you (to you, for you (plural))
- अभिविहितो (abhivihito) - told (told, declared, explained, spoken)
- धर्मह् (dharmah) - constitution (dharma) (constitution, law, duty, virtue, nature, religion)
- ब्राह्मणस्य (brāhmaṇasya) - of the Brahmin (of the Brahmin, of the priestly class)
- चतुर्विधः (caturvidhaḥ) - fourfold (fourfold, of four kinds)
- पुण्यः (puṇyaḥ) - meritorious (meritorious, holy, pure, virtuous)
- अक्षयफलः (akṣayaphalaḥ) - imperishable fruit (having imperishable fruit, yielding imperishable result)
- प्रेत्य (pretya) - after death (having died, after death, in the next world)
- राज्ञाम् (rājñām) - of kings (of kings, belonging to kings)
- धर्मम् (dharmam) - constitution (dharma) (constitution, law, duty, virtue, nature, religion)
- निबोधत (nibodhata) - know (know, understand, learn)
Words meanings and morphology
एष (eṣa) - this
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of eṣa
eṣa - this (masculine nominative singular of 'idam')
Demonstrative pronoun
वो (vo) - for you (to you, for you (plural))
(pronoun)
Dative, plural of vo
vaḥ - you (plural genitive/dative/accusative)
Second person pronoun, plural
अभिविहितो (abhivihito) - told (told, declared, explained, spoken)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of abhivihita
abhivihita - told, declared, explained, spoken
Past Passive Participle
from abhi-√i (to go, to tell, to explain) with suffix -ta
Prefix: abhi
Root: i (class 2)
धर्मह् (dharmah) - constitution (dharma) (constitution, law, duty, virtue, nature, religion)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of dharma
dharma - constitution, law, duty, virtue, religion, innate nature, characteristic
Abstract Noun
from √dhṛ (to hold, to support)
Root: dhṛ (class 1)
ब्राह्मणस्य (brāhmaṇasya) - of the Brahmin (of the Brahmin, of the priestly class)
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, singular of brāhmaṇa
brāhmaṇa - Brahmin, priestly caste, learned man, priest
derived from Brahman (the ultimate reality) or Brahma (the creator)
चतुर्विधः (caturvidhaḥ) - fourfold (fourfold, of four kinds)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of caturvidha
caturvidha - fourfold, of four kinds
compound of catur (four) and vidha (kind, manner, form)
Compound type : tatpurusha (catur+vidha)
- catur – four
numeral (masculine) - vidha – kind, manner, way, form
noun (masculine)
from √dhā (to put, to place, to form)
Root: dhā (class 3)
पुण्यः (puṇyaḥ) - meritorious (meritorious, holy, pure, virtuous)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of puṇya
puṇya - pure, holy, meritorious, virtuous, good
अक्षयफलः (akṣayaphalaḥ) - imperishable fruit (having imperishable fruit, yielding imperishable result)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of akṣayaphala
akṣayaphala - imperishable fruit, unfailing result
compound of akṣaya (imperishable) and phala (fruit, result)
Compound type : tatpurusha (akṣaya+phala)
- akṣaya – imperishable, indestructible, inexhaustible
adjective (masculine)
from a- (not) + kṣaya (decay, destruction)
Prefix: a - phala – fruit, result, consequence, reward
noun (neuter)
Note: This adjective modifies 'dharma' which is understood from context.
प्रेत्य (pretya) - after death (having died, after death, in the next world)
(indeclinable)
Gerund (absolutive)
from pari-√i (to go round, to die)
Prefix: pari
Root: i (class 2)
राज्ञाम् (rājñām) - of kings (of kings, belonging to kings)
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, plural of rājñām
rājan - king, ruler
धर्मम् (dharmam) - constitution (dharma) (constitution, law, duty, virtue, nature, religion)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of dharma
dharma - constitution, law, duty, virtue, religion, innate nature, characteristic
Abstract Noun
from √dhṛ (to hold, to support)
Root: dhṛ (class 1)
निबोधत (nibodhata) - know (know, understand, learn)
(verb)
2nd person , plural, active, imperative (loṭ) of nibodhata
Imperative
from ni-√budh (to know, to perceive)
Prefix: ni
Root: budh (class 1)