मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-6, verse-16
न फालकृष्टमश्नीयादुत्सृष्टमपि केन चित ।
न ग्रामजातान्यार्तोऽपि मूलाणि च फलानि च ॥१६॥
न ग्रामजातान्यार्तोऽपि मूलाणि च फलानि च ॥१६॥
16. na phālakṛṣṭamaśnīyādutsṛṣṭamapi kena cit ,
na grāmajātānyārto'pi mūlāṇi ca phalāni ca.
na grāmajātānyārto'pi mūlāṇi ca phalāni ca.
16.
na phālakṛṣṭamaśnīyādutsṛṣṭamapi kena cit
na grāmajātānyārto'pi mūlāni ca phālāni ca
na grāmajātānyārto'pi mūlāni ca phālāni ca
16.
na phālakṛṣṭaṃ aśnīyāt api kena cit utsr̥ṣṭaṃ
na grāmajātāni mūlāni ca phālāni ca ārtaḥ api
na grāmajātāni mūlāni ca phālāni ca ārtaḥ api
16.
One should not eat food cultivated by a plow, even if abandoned by someone, nor should one eat village-grown roots and fruits, even when distressed.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- न (na) - not
- फालकृष्टं (phālakṛṣṭaṁ) - cultivated by a plow (plowed, cultivated by a plow)
- अश्नीयात् (aśnīyāt) - should eat (should eat, should consume)
- उत्सृष्टम् (utsṛṣṭam) - abandoned (abandoned, released, left)
- अपि (api) - even (even, also, too)
- केन (kena) - by someone (by whom)
- चित् (cit) - someone (any, some)
- न (na) - nor (not)
- ग्रामजातानि (grāmajātāni) - village-grown (grown in villages, village-grown)
- आर्तः (ārtaḥ) - distressed (afflicted, distressed, suffering)
- अपि (api) - even (even, also, too)
- मूलानि (mūlāni) - roots
- च (ca) - and (and, also)
- फालानि (phālāni) - fruits
- च (ca) - and (and, also)
Words meanings and morphology
न (na) - not
(indeclinable)
फालकृष्टं (phālakṛṣṭaṁ) - cultivated by a plow (plowed, cultivated by a plow)
(adjective)
Accusative, neuter, singular of phālakṛṣṭa
phālakṛṣṭa - plowed, cultivated by a plow
Past Passive Participle
Derived from the root 'kṛṣ' (to plow, to cultivate) with the past passive participle suffix 'kta'. 'Phāla' means 'plowshare'.
Compound type : tatpurusha (phāla+kṛṣṭa)
- phāla – plowshare, plow
noun (neuter) - kṛṣṭa – plowed, cultivated
adjective (masculine)
Past Passive Participle
Derived from the root 'kṛṣ' (to plow, to cultivate) with the past passive participle suffix 'kta'.
Root: kṛṣ (class 6)
Note: Modifies 'aśnīyāt' (implicitly, the food).
अश्नीयात् (aśnīyāt) - should eat (should eat, should consume)
(verb)
3rd person , active, optative (liṅ) of aśn
Present Optative
Root 'aśn' with 3rd person singular present optative ending, indicating a mild command or suggestion.
Root: aśn (class 2)
उत्सृष्टम् (utsṛṣṭam) - abandoned (abandoned, released, left)
(adjective)
Accusative, neuter, singular of utsṛṣṭa
utsṛṣṭa - abandoned, released, let go, left
Past Passive Participle
Derived from the root 'sṛj' (to create, to release, to abandon) with prefix 'ut' and the past passive participle suffix 'kta'.
Prefix: ut
Root: sṛj (class 6)
Note: Modifies 'aśnīyāt' (implicitly, the food).
अपि (api) - even (even, also, too)
(indeclinable)
केन (kena) - by someone (by whom)
(pronoun)
Instrumental, masculine, singular of ka
ka - who, what, which
Note: Instrumental case, used here in the sense of 'by someone'.
चित् (cit) - someone (any, some)
(indeclinable)
Note: Used with 'kena' to mean 'by someone'.
न (na) - nor (not)
(indeclinable)
Note: Repetition of 'na' for emphasis and to introduce the second prohibition.
ग्रामजातानि (grāmajātāni) - village-grown (grown in villages, village-grown)
(adjective)
Accusative, neuter, plural of grāmajāta
grāmajāta - grown in a village, village-grown
Past Passive Participle
Derived from the root 'jā' (to be born, to grow) with the past passive participle suffix 'kta'. 'Grama' means 'village'.
Compound type : tatpurusha (grāma+jāta)
- grāma – village
noun (masculine) - jāta – born, grown, produced
adjective (masculine)
Past Passive Participle
Derived from the root 'jā' (to be born, to grow) with the past passive participle suffix 'kta'.
Root: jā (class 4)
Note: Modifies 'mūlāni' and 'phalāni'.
आर्तः (ārtaḥ) - distressed (afflicted, distressed, suffering)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of ārta
ārta - afflicted, distressed, suffering, pained
Derived from the root 'ṛ' (to go, to move) with prefix 'ā' and the suffix 'kta', meaning 'gone to' or 'affected by'.
Prefix: ā
Root: ṛ (class 2)
Note: This word appears in nominative case, and the sentence structure implies it modifies the subject (implied person) 'one'.
अपि (api) - even (even, also, too)
(indeclinable)
मूलानि (mūlāni) - roots
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, plural of mūla
mūla - root, origin, foundation
Note: Part of the compound 'śākamūlaphalāni' if it were present, but here it is separated.
च (ca) - and (and, also)
(indeclinable)
Note: Conjunction.
फालानि (phālāni) - fruits
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, plural of phala
phala - fruit
च (ca) - and (and, also)
(indeclinable)
Note: Conjunction.