मनु-स्मृतिः
manu-smṛtiḥ
-
chapter-6, verse-24
उपस्पृशंस्त्रिषवणं पितॄन देवांश्च तर्पयेत ।
तपस्चरंश्चोग्रतरं शोषयेद देहमात्मनः ॥२४॥
तपस्चरंश्चोग्रतरं शोषयेद देहमात्मनः ॥२४॥
24. upaspṛśaṁstriṣavaṇaṁ pitṝn devāṁśca tarpayet ,
tapascaraṁścogrataraṁ śoṣayed dehamātmanaḥ.
tapascaraṁścogrataraṁ śoṣayed dehamātmanaḥ.
24.
upaspṛśantstriṣavaṇaṃ pitṛn devāṃśca tarpayet
tapo'caraṃścāgrataraṃ śoṣayed dehamaatmanaḥ
tapo'caraṃścāgrataraṃ śoṣayed dehamaatmanaḥ
24.
Bathing three times a day, one should satisfy the ancestors and the gods. While practicing increasingly severe austerity (tapas), one should dry up one's own body.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- उपस्पृशन् (upaspṛśan) - performing ritualistic bathing (touching, bathing, performing ritual ablution)
- त्रिसवनं (trisavanaṁ) - during the three periods of the day (morning, noon, evening) for ritual bathing (three times a day)
- पितृन् (pitṛn) - ancestors
- देवान् (devān) - gods
- च (ca) - and
- तर्पयेत् (tarpayet) - should satisfy, should gratify
- तपः (tapaḥ) - austerity, penance
- चरन् (caran) - practicing, doing
- च (ca) - and
- उग्रतरं (ugrataraṁ) - more severe, fiercer
- शोषयेत् (śoṣayet) - should dry up, should cause to wither
- देहम् (deham) - body
- अअत्मनः (aatmanaḥ) - of the self, of the soul
Words meanings and morphology
उपस्पृशन् (upaspṛśan) - performing ritualistic bathing (touching, bathing, performing ritual ablution)
(nominal form)
Nominative, masculine, singular of upaspṛś
upaspṛś - to touch, to bathe, to approach
Present Participle (active)
Root 'spṛś' (to touch) with prefix 'upa' (near, towards). Active present participle.
Prefix: upa
Root: spṛś (class 6)
Note: This is a present participle, likely in its nominative singular masculine form, used adverbially.
त्रिसवनं (trisavanaṁ) - during the three periods of the day (morning, noon, evening) for ritual bathing (three times a day)
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of trisavana
trisavana - threefold bath, bathing three times a day
compound of 'tri' (three) and 'savana' (pressing, solstice, time of day for soma pressing)
Compound type : dvandva (tri+savana)
- tri – three
noun - savana – pressing (of soma), sacrificial session, time of day for ritual
noun (neuter)
Root: su (class 5)
Note: object of 'upaspṛśan'
पितृन् (pitṛn) - ancestors
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, plural of pitṛ
pitṛ - father, ancestor
देवान् (devān) - gods
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, plural of deva
deva - god, deity
च (ca) - and
(indeclinable)
तर्पयेत् (tarpayet) - should satisfy, should gratify
(verb)
3rd person , active, potential mood (vidhiliṅ) of tṛp
Causative
Root 'tṛp' (to be satisfied) with causative suffix 'aya'. Potential mood.
Root: tṛp (class 1)
तपः (tapaḥ) - austerity, penance
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of tapas
tapas - austerity, heat, penance
Root: tap (class 1)
Note: Subject of 'caran' and 'śoṣayet'
चरन् (caran) - practicing, doing
(nominal form)
Nominative, masculine, singular of car
car - to move, to go, to act, to practice
Present Participle (active)
Root 'car' (to move, act). Active present participle.
Root: car (class 2)
Note: Nominative singular masculine present participle, used adverbially to indicate the condition under which the body is dried.
च (ca) - and
(indeclinable)
उग्रतरं (ugrataraṁ) - more severe, fiercer
(adjective)
Accusative, neuter, singular of ugratara
ugratara - more severe, fiercer, more intense
Comparative form of 'ugra' (fierce, severe).
Note: Modifies 'tapas' in the previous clause, or 'caraṃ' understood.
शोषयेत् (śoṣayet) - should dry up, should cause to wither
(verb)
3rd person , active, potential mood (vidhiliṅ) of śuṣ
Causative
Root 'śuṣ' (to be dry) with causative suffix 'aya'. Potential mood.
Root: śuṣ (class 4)
देहम् (deham) - body
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of deha
deha - body
Note: object of 'śoṣayet'
अअत्मनः (aatmanaḥ) - of the self, of the soul
(pronoun)
Genitive, masculine, singular of ātman
ātman - self, soul, spirit
Note: Possessive, indicating 'one's own body'.