महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-43, verse-77

ते वध्यमानाः समरे संशप्तकगणाः प्रभो ।
शक्रस्यातिथितां गत्वा विशोका ह्यभवन्मुदा ॥७७॥

77. te vadhyamānāḥ samare saṁśaptakagaṇāḥ prabho ,
śakrasyātithitāṁ gatvā viśokā hyabhavanmudā.

77. te vadhyamānāḥ samare saṃśaptakagaṇāḥ prabho |
śakrasya atithitām gatvā viśokāḥ hi abhavan mudā

77. prabho te samare vadhyamānāḥ saṃśaptakagaṇāḥ
śakrasya atithitām gatvā hi mudā viśokāḥ abhavan

77. O lord, those groups of Saṃśaptakas, being slain in battle, indeed became joyful (viśokāḥ), having attained the hospitality of Indra.

Words meanings summery:

• ते (te) - they, those

• वध्यमानाः (vadhyamānāḥ) - being slain, being killed

• समरे (samare) - in battle, in war

• संशप्तकगणाः (saṁśaptakagaṇāḥ) - the groups of Saṃśaptakas

• प्रभो (prabho) - Addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra by Sañjaya. (O lord)

• शक्रस्य (śakrasya) - of Indra (Śakra)

• अतिथिताम् (atithitām) - state of being guests, hospitality

• गत्वा (gatvā) - having gone, having attained

• विशोकाः (viśokāḥ) - freed from sorrow, sorrowless, joyful

• हि (hi) - indeed, for

• अभवन् (abhavan) - they became

• मुदा (mudā) - with joy, joyfully

Words meanings and morphology

ते (te) - they, those

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it, they

वध्यमानाः (vadhyamānāḥ) - being slain, being killed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vadhyamāna

vadhyamāna - being killed, being slain

Present Passive Participle

Derived from root vadh (to strike, kill)

Root: vadh (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'saṃśaptakagaṇāḥ'.

समरे (samare) - in battle, in war

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of samara

samara - battle, war, conflict

संशप्तकगणाः (saṁśaptakagaṇāḥ) - the groups of Saṃśaptakas

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of saṃśaptakagaṇa

saṁśaptakagaṇa - group of Saṃśaptakas (warriors who swore to kill Arjuna or die)

Compound type : tatpurusha (saṃśaptaka+gaṇa)

• saṃśaptaka – one who has sworn an oath, especially to fight to the death
  noun (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root śap (to curse, swear) with prefix sam
  Prefix: sam
  Root: śap (class 1)
• gaṇa – group, host, multitude
  noun (masculine)

प्रभो (prabho) - Addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra by Sañjaya. (O lord)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of prabhu

prabhu - lord, master, powerful one

शक्रस्य (śakrasya) - of Indra (Śakra)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of śakra

śakra - Indra (name of the king of gods)

अतिथिताम् (atithitām) - state of being guests, hospitality

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of atithitā

atithitā - hospitality, state of being a guest

Derived from 'atithi' (guest) with suffix '-tā' (state, condition)

गत्वा (gatvā) - having gone, having attained

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root gam (to go)

Root: gam (class 1)

विशोकाः (viśokāḥ) - freed from sorrow, sorrowless, joyful

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of viśoka

viśoka - free from sorrow, sorrowless, joyful

Compound type : bahuvrihi (vi+śoka)

• vi – without, separation
  indeclinable
  Prefix: vi
• śoka – sorrow, grief
  noun (masculine)
  Root: śuc (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'saṃśaptakagaṇāḥ' (referring to 'te').

हि (hi) - indeed, for

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

अभवन् (abhavan) - they became

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of bhū

Imperfect Active

Imperfect 3rd person plural

Root: bhū (class 1)

मुदा (mudā) - with joy, joyfully

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of mud

mud - joy, delight, gladness

Root: mud (class 1)