महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-43, verse-54

सेना हि धार्तराष्ट्रस्य विमुखा चाभवद्रणात् ।
विप्रधावति वेगेन भीमस्य निहता शरैः ॥५४॥

54. senā hi dhārtarāṣṭrasya vimukhā cābhavadraṇāt ,
vipradhāvati vegena bhīmasya nihatā śaraiḥ.

54. senā hi dhārtarāṣṭrasya vimukhā ca abhavat
raṇāt vipradhāvāti vegena bhīmasya nihatā śaraiḥ

54. hi dhārtarāṣṭrasya senā raṇāt vimukhā ca abhavat
bhīmasya śaraiḥ nihatā vegena vipradhāvāti

54. Indeed, the army of Dhritarashtra's son (Duryodhana) turned its back on the battle. Struck by Bhima's arrows, it flees rapidly.

Words meanings summery:

• सेना (senā) - army, host

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

• धार्तराष्ट्रस्य (dhārtarāṣṭrasya) - of Duryodhana (of Dhritarashtra's son, of the Kauravas)

• विमुखा (vimukhā) - turned away, with faces averted, retreating

• च (ca) - and, also

• अभवत् (abhavat) - it became, it happened

• रणात् (raṇāt) - from battle

• विप्रधावाति (vipradhāvāti) - it flees, runs away

• वेगेन (vegena) - with speed, rapidly, swiftly

• भीमस्य (bhīmasya) - of Bhima

• निहता (nihatā) - struck, slain, killed

• शरैः (śaraiḥ) - by arrows

Words meanings and morphology

सेना (senā) - army, host

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of senā

senā - army, host, troop

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for

(indeclinable)

धार्तराष्ट्रस्य (dhārtarāṣṭrasya) - of Duryodhana (of Dhritarashtra's son, of the Kauravas)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of dhārtarāṣṭra

dhārtarāṣṭra - son of Dhritarashtra; a descendant of Dhritarashtra (referring to Duryodhana and his brothers)

Patronymic from Dhṛtarāṣṭra.

विमुखा (vimukhā) - turned away, with faces averted, retreating

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of vimukha

vimukha - turned away, averted, hostile, adverse

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vi+mukha)

• vi – asunder, apart, away
  indeclinable
• mukha – face, mouth, front
  noun (neuter)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

अभवत् (abhavat) - it became, it happened

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect past (laṅ) of bhū

Root: bhū (class 1)

रणात् (raṇāt) - from battle

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, war, combat

विप्रधावाति (vipradhāvāti) - it flees, runs away

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present indicative (laṭ) of vipradhāv

Root dhāv (to run) with prefixes vi and pra.

Prefixes: vi+pra

Root: dhāv (class 1)

वेगेन (vegena) - with speed, rapidly, swiftly

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vega

vega - speed, velocity, impulse, force

भीमस्य (bhīmasya) - of Bhima

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of bhīma

bhīma - terrible, formidable; a proper name (Bhima)

निहता (nihatā) - struck, slain, killed

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of nihata

nihata - struck, slain, destroyed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root han (to strike, kill) with prefix ni.

Prefix: ni

Root: han (class 2)

शरैः (śaraiḥ) - by arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śara

śara - arrow