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8,43

महाभारतः       mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-43, verse-60

निर्मनुष्यान्गजानश्वान्रथांश्चैव धनंजय ।
समाद्रवन्ति पाञ्चाला धार्तराष्ट्रांस्तरस्विनः ॥६०॥
60. nirmanuṣyāngajānaśvānrathāṁścaiva dhanaṁjaya ,
samādravanti pāñcālā dhārtarāṣṭrāṁstarasvinaḥ.
60. nirmanuṣyān gajān aśvān rathān ca eva dhanaṃjaya
samādravanti pāñcālāḥ dhārtarāṣṭrān tarasvinaḥ
60. dhanaṃjaya,
tarasvinaḥ pāñcālāḥ nirmanuṣyān gajān aśvān rathān ca eva dhārtarāṣṭrān samādravanti
60. O Dhanaṃjaya, the mighty Panchalas are charging towards the Dhārtarāṣṭras, attacking their unmanned elephants, horses, and chariots.

Words meanings summery:

(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)

  • निर्मनुष्यान् (nirmanuṣyān) - referring to the elephants, horses, and chariots of the Dhārtarāṣṭras (unmanned, devoid of men, without men)
  • गजान् (gajān) - elephants
  • अश्वान् (aśvān) - horses
  • रथान् (rathān) - chariots
  • (ca) - and
  • एव (eva) - only, indeed, just, certainly
  • धनंजय (dhanaṁjaya) - addressing Arjuna (O conqueror of wealth, O Arjuna)
  • समाद्रवन्ति (samādravanti) - The Panchalas are charging in battle. (they rush towards, they attack, they charge)
  • पाञ्चालाः (pāñcālāḥ) - The warriors from the Pañcāla kingdom, allies of the Pāṇḍavas. (the Panchalas)
  • धार्तराष्ट्रान् (dhārtarāṣṭrān) - The Kaurava warriors. (the sons of Dhritarashtra)
  • तरस्विनः (tarasvinaḥ) - describing the Panchala warriors (mighty, powerful, swift)

Words meanings and morphology

निर्मनुष्यान् (nirmanuṣyān) - referring to the elephants, horses, and chariots of the Dhārtarāṣṭras (unmanned, devoid of men, without men)
(adjective)
Accusative, masculine, plural of nirmanuṣya
nirmanuṣya - unmanned, devoid of men, without men
Compound (Bahuvrīhi) meaning 'whose men are gone'
Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (nis+manuṣya)
  • nis – without, out, free from
    indeclinable
  • manuṣya – man, human being
    noun (masculine)
गजान् (gajān) - elephants
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, plural of gaja
gaja - elephant
Root: gaj (class 1)
अश्वान् (aśvān) - horses
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, plural of aśva
aśva - horse
रथान् (rathān) - chariots
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, plural of ratha
ratha - chariot, car
From root ramh- 'to move quickly'
Root: ramh (class 1)
(ca) - and
(indeclinable)
एव (eva) - only, indeed, just, certainly
(indeclinable)
धनंजय (dhanaṁjaya) - addressing Arjuna (O conqueror of wealth, O Arjuna)
(proper noun)
Vocative, masculine, singular of dhanaṃjaya
dhanaṁjaya - conqueror of wealth (an epithet for Arjuna)
Compound formed from dhana (wealth) and jaya (victory/conquest). Agent noun.
Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (dhana+jaya)
  • dhana – wealth, riches, property
    noun (neuter)
    Root: dhā (class 3)
  • jaya – victory, conquest, triumph
    noun (masculine)
    From root ji 'to conquer'
    Root: ji (class 1)
समाद्रवन्ति (samādravanti) - The Panchalas are charging in battle. (they rush towards, they attack, they charge)
(verb)
3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of samādru
present active
Present indicative, 3rd person plural
Prefixes: sam+ā
Root: dru (class 1)
पाञ्चालाः (pāñcālāḥ) - The warriors from the Pañcāla kingdom, allies of the Pāṇḍavas. (the Panchalas)
(proper noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of pāñcāla
pāñcāla - pertaining to the Pañcāla country or people, a king of Pañcāla, a man of Pañcāla
धार्तराष्ट्रान् (dhārtarāṣṭrān) - The Kaurava warriors. (the sons of Dhritarashtra)
(proper noun)
Accusative, masculine, plural of dhārtarāṣṭra
dhārtarāṣṭra - son/descendant of Dhritarashtra, pertaining to Dhritarashtra
Taddhita derivation from Dhritarashtra + aṇ (patronymic affix)
तरस्विनः (tarasvinaḥ) - describing the Panchala warriors (mighty, powerful, swift)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of tarasvin
tarasvin - mighty, powerful, swift, strong
Formed from taras (strength, speed) + -vin (possessive affix)
Root: tṝ (class 1)