महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-102, verse-71

तौ रथस्थौ नरव्याघ्रौ भीष्मः शांतनवः पुनः ।
ववर्ष शरवर्षेण मेघो वृष्ट्या यथाचलौ ॥७१॥

71. tau rathasthau naravyāghrau bhīṣmaḥ śāṁtanavaḥ punaḥ ,
vavarṣa śaravarṣeṇa megho vṛṣṭyā yathācalau.

71. tau rathasthau naravyāghrau bhīṣmaḥ śāntanavaḥ
punaḥ vavarṣa śaravarṣeṇa meghaḥ vṛṣṭyā yathā acalau

71. bhīṣmaḥ śāntanavaḥ punaḥ rathasthau tau naravyāghrau
śaravarṣeṇa vavarṣa yathā meghaḥ vṛṣṭyā acalau

71. Bhishma, the son of Shantanu, again rained a shower of arrows upon those two tiger-like men (naravyāghrau) who were standing on the chariot (rathasthau), just as a cloud (megha) rains down rain (vṛṣṭi) upon two mountains (acalau).

Words meanings summery:

• तौ (tau) - those two

• रथस्थौ (rathasthau) - standing on a chariot, chariot-mounted

• नरव्याघ्रौ (naravyāghrau) - those two tiger-like men (Arjuna and Krishna) (two tiger-like men, two excellent men)

• भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhishma (proper noun)

• शान्तनवः (śāntanavaḥ) - son of Shantanu (Bhishma)

• पुनः (punaḥ) - again, further, moreover

• ववर्ष (vavarṣa) - rained, showered

• शरवर्षेण (śaravarṣeṇa) - with a shower of arrows, by a rain of arrows

• मेघः (meghaḥ) - cloud

• वृष्ट्या (vṛṣṭyā) - with rain, by rain

• यथा (yathā) - just as, as

• अचलौ (acalau) - two mountains, immovable ones

Words meanings and morphology

तौ (tau) - those two

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, dual of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Can be nominative or accusative dual. Here accusative, referring to Krishna and Arjuna.

रथस्थौ (rathasthau) - standing on a chariot, chariot-mounted

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, dual of rathastha

rathastha - standing on a chariot

Formed from ratha + stha (root sthā).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ratha+stha)

• ratha – chariot
  noun (masculine)
• stha – standing, staying
  adjective
  From root sthā 'to stand'
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Agreeing with tau naravyāghrau.

नरव्याघ्रौ (naravyāghrau) - those two tiger-like men (Arjuna and Krishna) (two tiger-like men, two excellent men)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, dual of naravyāghra

naravyāghra - tiger among men, excellent man, chief of men

Compound type : tatpuruṣa / karmadhāraya (nara+vyāghra)

• nara – man, human being
  noun (masculine)
• vyāghra – tiger
  noun (masculine)

भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhishma (proper noun)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - Bhishma (a name)

शान्तनवः (śāntanavaḥ) - son of Shantanu (Bhishma)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śāntanava

śāntanava - son of Shantanu

patronymic

Derived from śantanu + aṇ (patronymic suffix).

Note: Agreeing with Bhishma.

पुनः (punaḥ) - again, further, moreover

(indeclinable)

ववर्ष (vavarṣa) - rained, showered

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vṛṣ

perfect tense, 3rd person singular, active voice

From root vṛṣ.

Root: vṛṣ (class 1)

शरवर्षेण (śaravarṣeṇa) - with a shower of arrows, by a rain of arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of śaravarṣa

śaravarṣa - shower of arrows, rain of arrows

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śara+varṣa)

• śara – arrow
  noun (masculine)
• varṣa – rain, shower
  noun (neuter)

मेघः (meghaḥ) - cloud

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of megha

megha - cloud

Root: mih (class 1)

वृष्ट्या (vṛṣṭyā) - with rain, by rain

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of vṛṣṭi

vṛṣṭi - rain, shower

Root: vṛṣ (class 1)

यथा (yathā) - just as, as

(indeclinable)

अचलौ (acalau) - two mountains, immovable ones

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, dual of acala

acala - immovable, mountain

Negation of cala, refers to mountain.

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+cala)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  negation prefix
• cala – moving, movable
  adjective (masculine)
  from root cal 'to move'
  Root: cal (class 1)