महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-102, verse-77

महारथं भारत दुष्प्रधर्षं शरौघिणं प्रतपन्तं नरेन्द्रान् ।
भीष्मं न शेकुः प्रतिवीक्षितुं ते शरार्चिषं सूर्यमिवातपन्तम् ॥७७॥

77. mahārathaṁ bhārata duṣpradharṣaṁ; śaraughiṇaṁ pratapantaṁ narendrān ,
bhīṣmaṁ na śekuḥ prativīkṣituṁ te; śarārciṣaṁ sūryamivātapantam.

77. mahāratham bhārata duṣpradharṣam
śaraughiṇam pratapantam narendrān
bhīṣmam na śekuḥ prativīkṣitum te
śarārciṣam sūryam iva ātapantam

77. bhārata te na śekuḥ prativīkṣitum
bhīṣmam mahāratham duṣpradharṣam
śaraughiṇam narendrān pratapantam
iva śarārciṣam ātapantam sūryam

77. O descendant of Bharata, they were unable to face Bhishma, the great warrior, who was irresistible, showered a multitude of arrows, and tormented kings, just as one cannot look directly at the scorching sun, which blazes with arrow-like flames.

Words meanings summery:

• महारथम् (mahāratham) - great warrior, great charioteer

• भारत (bhārata) - O descendant of Bharata

• दुष्प्रधर्षम् (duṣpradharṣam) - irresistible, difficult to assault, unassailable

• शरौघिणम् (śaraughiṇam) - having a multitude of arrows, showering arrows

• प्रतपन्तम् (pratapantam) - scorching, tormenting, causing great pain

• नरेन्द्रान् (narendrān) - kings, lords of men

• भीष्मम् (bhīṣmam) - Bhishma

• न (na) - not

• शेकुः (śekuḥ) - they were able

• प्रतिवीक्षितुम् (prativīkṣitum) - to look back at, to face, to observe

• ते (te) - The Pāṇḍava warriors/army (they)

• शरार्चिषम् (śarārciṣam) - having arrow-flames, whose flames are arrows

• सूर्यम् (sūryam) - the sun

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• आतापन्तम् (ātāpantam) - scorching, blazing, tormenting

Words meanings and morphology

महारथम् (mahāratham) - great warrior, great charioteer

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mahāratha

mahāratha - a great charioteer, a great warrior; a great chariot

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mahā+ratha)

• mahā – great, mighty, large
  adjective (feminine)
• ratha – chariot, car; warrior in a chariot
  noun (masculine)

भारत (bhārata) - O descendant of Bharata

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhārata

bhārata - descendant of Bharata; related to India/Bharata

दुष्प्रधर्षम् (duṣpradharṣam) - irresistible, difficult to assault, unassailable

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of duṣpradharṣa

duṣpradharṣa - difficult to attack, unassailable, formidable

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dus+pradharṣa)

• dus – bad, difficult, ill
  indeclinable
• pradharṣa – assault, attack
  noun (masculine)
  From √dhṛṣ with pra
  Prefix: pra
  Root: dhṛṣ (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'Bhīṣmam'

शरौघिणम् (śaraughiṇam) - having a multitude of arrows, showering arrows

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śaraughin

śaraughin - having a shower of arrows, possessing a multitude of arrows

'in' suffix indicating possession

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śara+ogha)

• śara – arrow
  noun (masculine)
• ogha – flood, stream, multitude, mass
  noun (masculine)

Note: Modifies 'Bhīṣmam'

प्रतपन्तम् (pratapantam) - scorching, tormenting, causing great pain

(verbal derivative)

Note: Modifies 'Bhīṣmam'

नरेन्द्रान् (narendrān) - kings, lords of men

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of narendra

narendra - king, lord of men

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nara+indra)

• nara – man, human being
  noun (masculine)
• indra – chief, lord, best
  noun (masculine)

Note: Object of 'pratapantam'

भीष्मम् (bhīṣmam) - Bhishma

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - Bhishma (name of a Kuru warrior)

Note: Object of 'prativīkṣitum'

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

शेकुः (śekuḥ) - they were able

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of śak

Root: śak (class 5)

प्रतिवीक्षितुम् (prativīkṣitum) - to look back at, to face, to observe

(indeclinable)

Infinitive

From √īkṣ (to see, look) with prefixes prati- and vi-

Prefixes: prati+vi

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

ते (te) - The Pāṇḍava warriors/army (they)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

शरार्चिषम् (śarārciṣam) - having arrow-flames, whose flames are arrows

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śarārciṣ

śarārciṣ - having arrow-flames, brilliant with arrows

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śara+arcis)

• śara – arrow
  noun (masculine)
• arcis – flame, ray, light
  noun (neuter)

Note: Modifies 'sūryam'

सूर्यम् (sūryam) - the sun

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sūrya

sūrya - the sun, sun-god

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

आतापन्तम् (ātāpantam) - scorching, blazing, tormenting

(verbal derivative)

Note: Modifies 'sūryam'