महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-102, verse-66

निवर्तस्व महाबाहो नानृतं कर्तुमर्हसि ।
यत्त्वया कथितं पूर्वं न योत्स्यामीति केशव ॥६६॥

66. nivartasva mahābāho nānṛtaṁ kartumarhasi ,
yattvayā kathitaṁ pūrvaṁ na yotsyāmīti keśava.

66. nivartasva mahābāho na anṛtam kartum arhasi yat
tvayā kathitam pūrvam na yotsyāmi iti keśava

66. mahābāho nivartasva.
anṛtam kartum na arhasi.
keśava,
yat pūrvam tvayā "na yotsyāmi" iti kathitam

66. O mighty-armed one, desist! You ought not to commit an untruth. O Keśava, (you should not go back on) what was said by you previously: 'I will not fight.'

Words meanings summery:

• निवर्तस्व (nivartasva) - desist (from fighting/breaking your vow) (turn back, desist, refrain)

• महाबाहो (mahābāho) - O mighty-armed one (Krishna) (O mighty-armed one)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• अनृतम् (anṛtam) - an untruth (breaking a vow) (untruth, falsehood, lie)

• कर्तुम् (kartum) - to commit (to do, to make)

• अर्हसि (arhasi) - you ought (not to do this) (you ought, you are able, you deserve)

• यत् (yat) - what (was said) (which, what)

• त्वया (tvayā) - by you (Krishna) (by you)

• कथितम् (kathitam) - was said (said, told)

• पूर्वम् (pūrvam) - previously (before, previously, formerly)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• योत्स्यामि (yotsyāmi) - I will fight

• इति (iti) - thus (marking quoted speech) (thus, so)

• केशव (keśava) - O Keśava (Krishna)

Words meanings and morphology

निवर्तस्व (nivartasva) - desist (from fighting/breaking your vow) (turn back, desist, refrain)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, imperative (loṭ) of nivṛt

Imperative Middle

Imperative, 2nd person singular, middle voice of root √vṛt (to turn) with prefix ni-.

Prefix: ni

Root: vṛt (class 1)

महाबाहो (mahābāho) - O mighty-armed one (Krishna) (O mighty-armed one)

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahābāhu

mahābāhu - having great arms, mighty-armed

Bahuvrīhi compound.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+bāhu)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• bāhu – arm
  noun (masculine)

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

अनृतम् (anṛtam) - an untruth (breaking a vow) (untruth, falsehood, lie)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of anṛta

anṛta - untrue, false; untruth, falsehood

Derived from `ṛta` (truth, order) with negative prefix `an-`.

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (an+ṛta)

• an – not, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix.
• ṛta – truth, cosmic order, right
  noun (neuter)
  Root: ṛ

Note: Object of `kartum`.

कर्तुम् (kartum) - to commit (to do, to make)

(verb)

infinitive (tumun) of kṛ

Infinitive

Infinitive form of root √kṛ (to do).

Root: kṛ (class 8)

अर्हसि (arhasi) - you ought (not to do this) (you ought, you are able, you deserve)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of arh

Present Active

Present tense, 2nd person singular, active voice of root √arh (to deserve).

Root: arh (class 1)

यत् (yat) - what (was said) (which, what)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, that

Relative pronoun.

Note: Corresponds to `kathitam`.

त्वया (tvayā) - by you (Krishna) (by you)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of tvam

tvam - you

Note: Agent in passive construction (`kathitam`).

कथितम् (kathitam) - was said (said, told)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kathita

kathita - said, spoken, told, declared

Past Passive Participle

From root √kath (to tell, to narrate).

Root: kath (class 10)

पूर्वम् (pūrvam) - previously (before, previously, formerly)

(indeclinable)

Can also be an adjective. Here used as an adverb.

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

योत्स्यामि (yotsyāmi) - I will fight

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of yudh

Future Active

Future tense, 1st person singular, active voice of root √yudh (to fight). Denominative from `yodha` (fighter).

Root: yudh (class 4)

इति (iti) - thus (marking quoted speech) (thus, so)

(indeclinable)

Particle used to mark quoted speech or thought.

केशव (keśava) - O Keśava (Krishna)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of keśava

keśava - Keśava (an epithet of Krishna); having fine hair