महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-102, verse-24

यतमानाश्च ते वीरा द्रवमाणान्महारथान् ।
नाशक्नुवन्वारयितुं भीष्मबाणप्रपीडितान् ॥२४॥

24. yatamānāśca te vīrā dravamāṇānmahārathān ,
nāśaknuvanvārayituṁ bhīṣmabāṇaprapīḍitān.

24. yatamānāḥ ca te vīrāḥ dravamāṇān mahārathān
na aśaknuvan vārayitum bhīṣmabāṇaprapīḍitān

24. ca te yatamānāḥ vīrāḥ bhīṣmabāṇaprapīḍitān
dravamāṇān mahārathān vārayitum na aśaknuvan

24. And those (other) warriors, though striving, were unable to restrain the great charioteers who were fleeing, (as they were) tormented by Bhishma's arrows.

Words meanings summery:

• यतमानाः (yatamānāḥ) - striving, endeavoring

• च (ca) - and

• ते (te) - those

• वीराः (vīrāḥ) - warriors, heroes

• द्रवमाणान् (dravamāṇān) - fleeing, running away (ones)

• महारथान् (mahārathān) - great charioteers

• न (na) - not

• अशक्नुवन् (aśaknuvan) - were able

• वारयितुम् (vārayitum) - to restrain, to stop

• भीष्मबाणप्रपीडितान् (bhīṣmabāṇaprapīḍitān) - tormented by Bhishma's arrows

Words meanings and morphology

यतमानाः (yatamānāḥ) - striving, endeavoring

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yatamāna

yatamāna - striving, endeavoring, exerting oneself

Present Middle Participle

Root: yat (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'vīrāḥ'

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

ते (te) - those

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Refers to some specific warriors mentioned previously or implied.

वीराः (vīrāḥ) - warriors, heroes

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vīra

vīra - hero, brave man, warrior

द्रवमाणान् (dravamāṇān) - fleeing, running away (ones)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of dravamāṇa

dravamāṇa - running, fleeing, melting

Present Middle Participle

Root: dru (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'mahārathān'

महारथान् (mahārathān) - great charioteers

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of mahāratha

mahāratha - great charioteer; a warrior capable of fighting 10,000 archers

Compound: mahā (great) + ratha (chariot/charioteer)

Compound type : Karmaśakya (Tatpuruṣa) (mahā+ratha)

• mahā – great, mighty
  adjective (masculine)
• ratha – chariot, charioteer
  noun (masculine)

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

अशक्नुवन् (aśaknuvan) - were able

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, Past Imperfect (laṅ) of śak

Root: śak (class 5)

वारयितुम् (vārayitum) - to restrain, to stop

(indeclinable)

Infinitive

Causal form of root vṛ (9th class) + infinitive suffix -tum

Root: vṛ (class 9)

भीष्मबाणप्रपीडितान् (bhīṣmabāṇaprapīḍitān) - tormented by Bhishma's arrows

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of bhīṣmabāṇaprapīḍita

bhīṣmabāṇaprapīḍita - afflicted/tormented by Bhishma's arrows

Compound: Bhīṣma (proper noun) + bāṇa (arrow) + prapīḍita (past passive participle)

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (bhīṣma+bāṇa+prapīḍita)

• bhīṣma – Bhishma (name of a warrior)
  proper noun (masculine)
• bāṇa – arrow
  noun (masculine)
• prapīḍita – tormented, afflicted, oppressed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Prefix: pra
  Root: pīḍ (class 10)

Note: Agrees with 'mahārathān'