महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-102, verse-68

शपे माधव सख्येन सत्येन सुकृतेन च ।
अन्तं यथा गमिष्यामि शत्रूणां शत्रुकर्शन ॥६८॥

68. śape mādhava sakhyena satyena sukṛtena ca ,
antaṁ yathā gamiṣyāmi śatrūṇāṁ śatrukarśana.

68. śape mādhava sakhyena satyena sukṛtena ca
antam yathā gamiṣyāmi śatrūṇām śatrukaraśana

68. mādhava,
sakhyena satyena ca sukṛtena śape,
yathā śatrūṇām antam gamiṣyāmi,
śatrukaraśana

68. O Mādhava, I swear by (our) friendship, by truth, and by (my) good deeds, that I will bring about the complete destruction of the enemies, O tormentor of enemies.

Words meanings summery:

• शपे (śape) - I swear, I vow (I swear, I vow, I curse)

• माधव (mādhava) - O Mādhava (Krishna)

• सख्येन (sakhyena) - by (our) friendship (by friendship)

• सत्येन (satyena) - by truth (by truth, truthfully)

• सुकृतेन (sukṛtena) - by (my) good deeds (by good deeds, by virtue)

• च (ca) - and

• अन्तम् (antam) - the destruction (end, destruction, limit)

• यथा (yathā) - so that (I will bring about) (so that, in order that, just as)

• गमिष्यामि (gamiṣyāmi) - I will bring about (the end) (I will go, I will reach)

• शत्रूणाम् (śatrūṇām) - of the enemies (of enemies)

• शत्रुकरशन (śatrukaraśana) - O tormentor of enemies (epithet for Arjuna) (O tormentor of enemies, destroyer of enemies)

Words meanings and morphology

शपे (śape) - I swear, I vow (I swear, I vow, I curse)

(verb)

1st person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of śap

Present Middle

Present tense, 1st person singular, middle voice of root √śap (to swear).

Root: śap (class 1)

माधव (mādhava) - O Mādhava (Krishna)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mādhava

mādhava - an epithet of Krishna (descendant of Madhu); pertaining to spring

सख्येन (sakhyena) - by (our) friendship (by friendship)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of sakhya

sakhya - friendship, companionship

Derived from `sakhi` (friend).

Note: Used as an oath.

सत्येन (satyena) - by truth (by truth, truthfully)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of satya

satya - truth, reality, true, real

Derived from `sat` (being, existing, true).

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Used as an oath.

सुकृतेन (sukṛtena) - by (my) good deeds (by good deeds, by virtue)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of sukṛta

sukṛta - well-done, good deed, virtue, merit

Past Passive Participle (used as noun)

Compound from `su` (good) + `kṛta` (done, deed).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (su+kṛta)

• su – good, well, excellent
  indeclinable
  Prefix indicating goodness or excellence.
• kṛta – done, made, deed, act
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root √kṛ (to do).
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Used as an oath.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

अन्तम् (antam) - the destruction (end, destruction, limit)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of anta

anta - end, border, limit, death, destruction

Root: at (class 1)

Note: Object of `gamiṣyāmi` (reach the end).

यथा (yathā) - so that (I will bring about) (so that, in order that, just as)

(indeclinable)

Used here as a conjunction introducing a purpose clause.

Note: Introducing the clause that explains what Arjuna swears to.

गमिष्यामि (gamiṣyāmi) - I will bring about (the end) (I will go, I will reach)

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of gam

Future Active

Future tense, 1st person singular, active voice of root √gam (to go).

Root: gam (class 1)

शत्रूणाम् (śatrūṇām) - of the enemies (of enemies)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of śatru

śatru - enemy, foe, adversary

Root: śat (class 1)

शत्रुकरशन (śatrukaraśana) - O tormentor of enemies (epithet for Arjuna) (O tormentor of enemies, destroyer of enemies)

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of śatrukaraśana

śatrukaraśana - tormentor of enemies, destroyer of foes

Compound from `śatru` (enemy) + `karśana` (emaciating, tormenting, destroying, from root √kṛś).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śatru+karśana)

• śatru – enemy, foe
  noun (masculine)
• karśana – emaciating, tormenting, destroyer
  noun (masculine)
  agent noun
  Derived from root √kṛś (to make thin, to torment).
  Root: kṛś (class 1)

Note: Epithet for Arjuna.