महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-102, verse-30

प्रभज्यमानं सैन्यं तु दृष्ट्वा यादवनन्दनः ।
उवाच पार्थं बीभत्सुं निगृह्य रथमुत्तमम् ॥३०॥

30. prabhajyamānaṁ sainyaṁ tu dṛṣṭvā yādavanandanaḥ ,
uvāca pārthaṁ bībhatsuṁ nigṛhya rathamuttamam.

30. prabhajyamānam sainyam tu dṛṣṭvā yādavanandanaḥ
uvāca pārtham bībhatsum nigṛhya ratham uttamam

30. tu yādavanandanaḥ prabhajyamānam sainyam dṛṣṭvā
uttamam ratham nigṛhya pārtham bībhatsum uvāca

30. The delight of the Yadus (Krishna), having seen the army being routed, stopped his excellent chariot and spoke to Pārtha (Arjuna), also known as Bībhatsu.

Words meanings summery:

• प्रभज्यमानम् (prabhajyamānam) - being broken, being routed, being destroyed

• सैन्यम् (sainyam) - army, host, military force

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however, on the other hand

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

• यादवनन्दनः (yādavanandanaḥ) - Krishna (delight of the Yadus, son of a Yadu, a Yadu prince)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• पार्थम् (pārtham) - to Arjuna (to Pārtha, son of Pṛthā)

• बीभत्सुम् (bībhatsum) - to Bībhatsu (an epithet for Arjuna) (loather of ignoble deeds, terrible, disgusting)

• निगृह्य (nigṛhya) - having stopped, having restrained, having controlled

• रथम् (ratham) - chariot

• उत्तमम् (uttamam) - excellent, best, highest

Words meanings and morphology

प्रभज्यमानम् (prabhajyamānam) - being broken, being routed, being destroyed

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of prabhajyamāna

prabhajyamāna - being broken, being routed

Present Passive Participle

From `pra-` + root `√bhañj` (to break, to shatter) with `-yamāna` suffix

Prefix: pra

Root: bhañj (class 7)

Note: Adjectival participle modifying 'sainyam'.

सैन्यम् (sainyam) - army, host, military force

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sainya

sainya - army, military, host, troops

Derived from `senā` (army) + `-ya` suffix.

Note: Object of `dṛṣṭvā`.

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however, on the other hand

(indeclinable)

Note: Used for emphasis or slight contrast.

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

(indeclinable)

root

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Expresses an action completed before the main verb.

यादवनन्दनः (yādavanandanaḥ) - Krishna (delight of the Yadus, son of a Yadu, a Yadu prince)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yādavanandana

yādavanandana - delight of the Yadus, son of a Yadu

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (yādava+nandana)

• yādava – descendant of Yadu, belonging to the Yadu dynasty
  noun (masculine)
• nandana – son, delight, gladdener
  noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of `uvāca`.

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, Past Perfect (Lit) (Lit) of √vac

root

Root: vac (class 2)

पार्थम् (pārtham) - to Arjuna (to Pārtha, son of Pṛthā)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pārtha

pārtha - son of Pṛthā (Kuntī)

Derived from Pṛthā + `aṇ` suffix.

Note: Object of `uvāca`.

बीभत्सुम् (bībhatsum) - to Bībhatsu (an epithet for Arjuna) (loather of ignoble deeds, terrible, disgusting)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bībhatsu

bībhatsu - loathing, abhorring, terrible, disgusting; an epithet of Arjuna

Desiderative derivative

Often linked to 'one who loathes ignoble deeds'.

Note: Adjective for Pārtha.

निगृह्य (nigṛhya) - having stopped, having restrained, having controlled

(indeclinable)

root

Prefix: ni

Root: grah (class 9)

Note: Expresses an action completed before the main verb.

रथम् (ratham) - chariot

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ratha

ratha - chariot, car

Note: Object of `nigṛhya`.

उत्तमम् (uttamam) - excellent, best, highest

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of uttama

uttama - uppermost, highest, best, excellent, principal

Superlative of `ut` (up)

Note: Adjective modifying `ratham`.