महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-102, verse-40

ततो भीष्मः कुरुश्रेष्ठः सिंहवद्विनदन्मुहुः ।
धनंजयरथं शीघ्रं शरवर्षैरवाकिरत् ॥४०॥

40. tato bhīṣmaḥ kuruśreṣṭhaḥ siṁhavadvinadanmuhuḥ ,
dhanaṁjayarathaṁ śīghraṁ śaravarṣairavākirat.

40. tataḥ bhīṣmaḥ kuruśreṣṭhaḥ siṃhavat vinadan muhuḥ
dhanañjayaratham śīghram śaravarṣaiḥ avākirat

40. tataḥ,
kuruśreṣṭhaḥ bhīṣmaḥ siṃhavat muhuḥ vinadan,
śīghram dhanañjayaratham śaravarṣaiḥ avākirat.

40. Then Bhishma, the best of the Kurus, repeatedly roaring like a lion, quickly deluged Arjuna's chariot with showers of arrows.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, afterwards (then, from that, thereupon)

• भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhishma

• कुरुश्रेष्ठः (kuruśreṣṭhaḥ) - Bhishma, the foremost among the Kuru warriors (best of the Kurus, foremost among the Kurus)

• सिंहवत् (siṁhavat) - like a lion (like a lion, lion-like)

• विनदन् (vinadan) - roaring (like a lion) (roaring, crying aloud)

• मुहुः (muhuḥ) - repeatedly (repeatedly, again and again)

• धनञ्जयरथम् (dhanañjayaratham) - Arjuna's chariot (Dhananjaya's chariot, Arjuna's chariot)

• शीघ्रम् (śīghram) - quickly (quickly, swiftly, rapidly)

• शरवर्षैः (śaravarṣaiḥ) - with a deluge of arrows (by showers of arrows)

• अवाकिरत् (avākirat) - he (Bhishma) deluged, covered (he scattered, he poured over, he deluged)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, afterwards (then, from that, thereupon)

(indeclinable)

भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhishma

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - Bhishma (proper name)

Note: Subject of avākirat.

कुरुश्रेष्ठः (kuruśreṣṭhaḥ) - Bhishma, the foremost among the Kuru warriors (best of the Kurus, foremost among the Kurus)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kuruśreṣṭha

kuruśreṣṭha - best of the Kurus

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kuru+śreṣṭha)

• kuru – Kuru (name of an ancient king and his descendants)
  proper noun (masculine)
• śreṣṭha – best, most excellent, chief
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Appositive to bhīṣmaḥ.

सिंहवत् (siṁhavat) - like a lion (like a lion, lion-like)

(indeclinable)

suffix -vat used for comparison

Note: Modifies vinadan.

विनदन् (vinadan) - roaring (like a lion) (roaring, crying aloud)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vinadat

vinadat - roaring, sounding, crying aloud

Present Active Participle

Present Active Participle of root nad with prefix vi (Class 1)

Prefix: vi

Root: nad (class 1)

Note: Refers to bhīṣmaḥ.

मुहुः (muhuḥ) - repeatedly (repeatedly, again and again)

(indeclinable)

Note: Modifies vinadan.

धनञ्जयरथम् (dhanañjayaratham) - Arjuna's chariot (Dhananjaya's chariot, Arjuna's chariot)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dhanañjayaratha

dhanañjayaratha - chariot of Dhananjaya (Arjuna)

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (dhanañjaya+ratha)

• dhanañjaya – Dhananjaya (Arjuna), conqueror of wealth
  proper noun (masculine)
• ratha – chariot
  noun (masculine)

Note: Object of avākirat.

शीघ्रम् (śīghram) - quickly (quickly, swiftly, rapidly)

(indeclinable)

Note: Modifies avākirat.

शरवर्षैः (śaravarṣaiḥ) - with a deluge of arrows (by showers of arrows)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of śaravarṣa

śaravarṣa - shower of arrows

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (śara+varṣa)

• śara – arrow
  noun (masculine)
• varṣa – rain, shower
  noun (neuter)

Note: Instrument of the action.

अवाकिरत् (avākirat) - he (Bhishma) deluged, covered (he scattered, he poured over, he deluged)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of kṛ

Imperfect Tense

3rd singular active imperfect of root kṛ (Class 6: kirati) with prefix ava

Prefix: ava

Root: kṛ (class 6)