महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-102, verse-56

दृष्ट्वा माधवमाक्रन्दे भीष्मायोद्यन्तमाहवे ।
हतो भीष्मो हतो भीष्म इति तत्र स्म सैनिकाः ।
क्रोशन्तः प्राद्रवन्सर्वे वासुदेवभयान्नराः ॥५६॥

56. dṛṣṭvā mādhavamākrande bhīṣmāyodyantamāhave ,
hato bhīṣmo hato bhīṣma iti tatra sma sainikāḥ ,
krośantaḥ prādravansarve vāsudevabhayānnarāḥ.

56. dṛṣṭvā mādhavam ākrande bhīṣmāya
udyantam āhave hataḥ bhīṣmaḥ hataḥ bhīṣmaḥ
iti tatra sma sainikāḥ krośantaḥ
prādravan sarve vāsudevabhayāt narāḥ

56. ākrande āhave bhīṣmāya udyantam mādhavam
dṛṣṭvā tatra sarve sainikāḥ narāḥ
hataḥ bhīṣmaḥ hataḥ bhīṣmaḥ iti
krośantaḥ vāsudevabhayāt prādravan sma

56. Having seen Madhava (mādhava) advancing towards Bhishma in the battle, all the soldiers and men there, crying out, 'Bhishma is slain! Bhishma is slain!', fled in fear of Vasudeva (vāsuveva).

Words meanings summery:

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, after seeing

• माधवम् (mādhavam) - Krishna (son of Madhu, or husband of Lakshmi) (Madhava (Krishna))

• आक्रन्दे (ākrande) - in the battle, in the fray

• भीष्माय (bhīṣmāya) - to/towards Bhishma

• उद्यन्तम् (udyantam) - rising, advancing, moving forward

• आहवे (āhave) - in battle, in the conflict

• हतः (hataḥ) - slain, killed

• भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhishma

• हतः (hataḥ) - slain, killed

• भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhishma

• इति (iti) - thus, so

• तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place

• स्म (sma) - particle, indicates past tense when combined with present tense verb

• सैनिकाः (sainikāḥ) - soldiers

• क्रोशन्तः (krośantaḥ) - shouting, crying out

• प्राद्रवन् (prādravan) - they fled, they ran away

• सर्वे (sarve) - all, everyone

• वासुवेवभयात् (vāsuvevabhayāt) - from fear of Krishna (Vasudeva) (from fear of Vasudeva)

• नराः (narāḥ) - men, people

Words meanings and morphology

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, after seeing

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

Derived from root dṛś (to see) with suffix -tvā.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

माधवम् (mādhavam) - Krishna (son of Madhu, or husband of Lakshmi) (Madhava (Krishna))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mādhava

mādhava - Krishna, a descendant of Madhu, Lord of Lakshmi

Patronymic from Madhu.

आक्रन्दे (ākrande) - in the battle, in the fray

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of ākranda

ākranda - battle, combat, cry of distress

From ā- + krand (to cry out).

Prefix: ā

Root: krand (class 1)

भीष्माय (bhīṣmāya) - to/towards Bhishma

(proper noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - Bhishma (proper name)

Note: Indicates direction of action

उद्यन्तम् (udyantam) - rising, advancing, moving forward

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of udyant

udyant - rising, advancing, going up

present active participle

From ut- + i (to go) + present participle suffix -ant.

Prefix: ut

Root: i (class 2)

Note: Qualifies 'mādhavam'

आहवे (āhave) - in battle, in the conflict

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of āhava

āhava - battle, combat, conflict

From ā- + hu (to sacrifice, contend).

Prefix: ā

Root: hu (class 3)

हतः (hataḥ) - slain, killed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hata

hata - slain, killed, struck

past passive participle

From root han (to strike, kill).

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Used predicatively for Bhishma.

भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhishma

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - Bhishma (proper name)

हतः (hataḥ) - slain, killed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hata

hata - slain, killed, struck

past passive participle

From root han (to strike, kill).

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Used predicatively for Bhishma.

भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhishma

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - Bhishma (proper name)

इति (iti) - thus, so

(indeclinable)

तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place

(indeclinable)

Derived from tad (that) with suffix -tra (locative).

स्म (sma) - particle, indicates past tense when combined with present tense verb

(indeclinable)

सैनिकाः (sainikāḥ) - soldiers

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sainika

sainika - soldier, pertaining to an army

Derived from senā (army).

क्रोशन्तः (krośantaḥ) - shouting, crying out

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of krośant

krośant - shouting, crying out, screaming

present active participle

From root kruś (to cry out) with present participle suffix -ant.

Root: kruś (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'sainikāḥ' and 'narāḥ'

प्राद्रवन् (prādravan) - they fled, they ran away

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of prādravan

imperfect

From root dru (to run) with upasarga pra-.

Prefix: pra

Root: dru (class 1)

सर्वे (sarve) - all, everyone

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, entire

Note: Qualifies 'sainikāḥ narāḥ'

वासुवेवभयात् (vāsuvevabhayāt) - from fear of Krishna (Vasudeva) (from fear of Vasudeva)

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of vāsuvevabhaya

vāsuvevabhaya - fear of Vasudeva

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (vāsudeva+bhaya)

• vāsudeva – Vasudeva (Krishna's father, hence Krishna himself)
  proper noun (masculine)
  Patronymic from Vasudeva.
• bhaya – fear, dread
  noun (neuter)
  From root bhī (to fear).
  Root: bhī (class 3)

नराः (narāḥ) - men, people

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of nara

nara - man, human being, person