महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-102, verse-43

ततः पार्थो धनुर्गृह्य दिव्यं जलदनिस्वनम् ।
पातयामास भीष्मस्य धनुश्छित्त्वा शितैः शरैः ॥४३॥

43. tataḥ pārtho dhanurgṛhya divyaṁ jaladanisvanam ,
pātayāmāsa bhīṣmasya dhanuśchittvā śitaiḥ śaraiḥ.

43. tataḥ Pārthaḥ dhanuḥ gṛhya divyam jaladanisvanam
pātayāmāsa bhīṣmasya dhanuḥ chittvā śitaiḥ śaraiḥ

43. tataḥ Pārthaḥ divyam jaladanisvanam dhanuḥ gṛhya
śitaiḥ śaraiḥ bhīṣmasya dhanuḥ chittvā pātayāmāsa

43. Then Pārtha (Arjuna), seizing his divine bow, which resounded like a thundercloud, cut Bhīṣma's bow with sharp arrows and made it fall.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thence, afterwards

• पार्थः (pārthaḥ) - Arjuna (Pārtha (Arjuna))

• धनुः (dhanuḥ) - his (Arjuna's) bow (bow)

• गृह्य (gṛhya) - having taken, seizing, grasping

• दिव्यम् (divyam) - divine, celestial

• जलदनिस्वनम् (jaladanisvanam) - having the sound of a thundercloud, thundering like a cloud

• पातयामास (pātayāmāsa) - he made fall, he caused to fall

• भीष्मस्य (bhīṣmasya) - of Bhīṣma, Bhīṣma's

• धनुः (dhanuḥ) - Bhīṣma's bow (bow)

• छित्त्वा (chittvā) - having cut, having severed

• शितैः (śitaiḥ) - sharp, sharpened

• शरैः (śaraiḥ) - by arrows

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thence, afterwards

(indeclinable)

पार्थः (pārthaḥ) - Arjuna (Pārtha (Arjuna))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of Pārtha

Pārtha - son of Pṛthā (Kuntī), an epithet of Arjuna

Note: Subject of the sentence.

धनुः (dhanuḥ) - his (Arjuna's) bow (bow)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dhanus

dhanus - bow, arc

Root: dhan (class 1)

Note: Object of gṛhya.

गृह्य (gṛhya) - having taken, seizing, grasping

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

From root 'grah' (to seize, take) + 'lyap' suffix.

Root: grah (class 9)

दिव्यम् (divyam) - divine, celestial

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of divya

divya - divine, celestial, supernatural, beautiful

From 'div' (heaven, sky).

Root: div

जलदनिस्वनम् (jaladanisvanam) - having the sound of a thundercloud, thundering like a cloud

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of jaladanisvana

jaladanisvana - having the sound of a cloud, thundering like a cloud

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (jalada+nisvana)

• jalada – cloud (giver of water)
  noun (masculine)
  From 'jala' (water) + 'da' (giver).
  Root: dā (class 1)
• nisvana – sound, noise, roar
  noun (masculine)
  From 'ni' (prefix) + 'svan' (to sound).
  Prefix: ni
  Root: svan (class 1)

पातयामास (pātayāmāsa) - he made fall, he caused to fall

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of pātayāmāsa

Perfect Tense (Periphrastic Perfect) - Causative

Periphrastic perfect of the causative of root 'pat' (to fall). Formed with the suffix 'ām' and 'ās' verb.

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Main verb.

भीष्मस्य (bhīṣmasya) - of Bhīṣma, Bhīṣma's

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - Bhīṣma (a proper name)

Note: Possessive, related to dhanuḥ.

धनुः (dhanuḥ) - Bhīṣma's bow (bow)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dhanus

dhanus - bow, arc

Root: dhan (class 1)

Note: Object of pātayāmāsa.

छित्त्वा (chittvā) - having cut, having severed

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

From root 'chid' (to cut, cleave) + 'ktvā' suffix.

Root: chid (class 7)

शितैः (śitaiḥ) - sharp, sharpened

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śita

śita - sharp, sharpened, keen

Past Passive Participle

From root 'śo' (to sharpen) + 'kta' suffix.

Root: śo (class 4)

शरैः (śaraiḥ) - by arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śara

śara - arrow

Root: śṛ (class 9)

Note: Instrument of cutting.