महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-102, verse-51

प्रतपन्तमिवादित्यं मध्यमासाद्य सेनयोः ।
वरान्वरान्विनिघ्नन्तं पाण्डुपुत्रस्य सैनिकान् ॥५१॥

51. pratapantamivādityaṁ madhyamāsādya senayoḥ ,
varānvarānvinighnantaṁ pāṇḍuputrasya sainikān.

51. pratapantam iva ādityam madhyam āsādya senayoḥ
varān varān vinighnantam pāṇḍuputrasya sainikān

51. ādityam iva pratatapantam,
senayoḥ madhyam āsādya,
pāṇḍuputrasya varān varān sainikān vinighnantam

51. He (Bhishma), blazing like the sun, having reached the middle of the two armies, was striking down the best soldiers of the son of Pandu, one by one.

Words meanings summery:

• प्रतपन्तम् (pratapantam) - blazing, burning, scorching (accusative singular masculine)

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• आदित्यम् (ādityam) - the sun (accusative)

• मध्यम् (madhyam) - middle (accusative)

• आसाद्य (āsādya) - having reached, having attained

• सेनयोः (senayoḥ) - of the two armies

• वरान् (varān) - choice ones, excellent ones (accusative plural)

• वरान् (varān) - choice ones, excellent ones (accusative plural)

• विनिघ्नन्तम् (vinighnantam) - striking down, killing, destroying (accusative singular masculine)

• पाण्डुपुत्रस्य (pāṇḍuputrasya) - of Yudhishthira (or the Pandava army) (of the son of Pandu)

• सैनिकान् (sainikān) - soldiers (accusative plural)

Words meanings and morphology

प्रतपन्तम् (pratapantam) - blazing, burning, scorching (accusative singular masculine)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pratapant

pratapant - blazing, burning, scorching, tormenting

Present Active Participle

Derived from root tap (to heat, burn) with prefix pra-.

Prefix: pra

Root: tap (class 1)

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

आदित्यम् (ādityam) - the sun (accusative)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of āditya

āditya - the sun, a solar deity, a son of Aditi

Derived from aditi.

Note: Object of comparison for pratatapantam.

मध्यम् (madhyam) - middle (accusative)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of madhya

madhya - middle, central, mid-point

Note: Object of āsādya.

आसाद्य (āsādya) - having reached, having attained

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Formed from root sad (to sit, approach) with prefix ā- and suffix -ya.

Prefix: ā

Root: sad (class 1)

सेनयोः (senayoḥ) - of the two armies

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, dual of senā

senā - army, host, military force

Root: snā

Note: Possessive, 'the middle of the two armies'.

वरान् (varān) - choice ones, excellent ones (accusative plural)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of vara

vara - excellent, best, chosen, boon

Derived from root vṛ (to choose).

Root: vṛ (class 1)

Note: Repeated for emphasis 'the very best, one after another.'

वरान् (varān) - choice ones, excellent ones (accusative plural)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of vara

vara - excellent, best, chosen, boon

Derived from root vṛ (to choose).

Root: vṛ (class 1)

Note: Repetition emphasizes 'one by one' or 'the very best'.

विनिघ्नन्तम् (vinighnantam) - striking down, killing, destroying (accusative singular masculine)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vinighnat

vinighnat - striking down, killing, destroying

Present Active Participle

Derived from root han (to strike, kill) with prefix vi-ni-.

Prefixes: vi+ni

Root: han (class 2)

पाण्डुपुत्रस्य (pāṇḍuputrasya) - of Yudhishthira (or the Pandava army) (of the son of Pandu)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of pāṇḍuputra

pāṇḍuputra - son of Pandu

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pāṇḍu+putra)

• pāṇḍu – Pandu (father of the Pandavas)
  proper noun (masculine)
• putra – son
  noun (masculine)
  Root: put

Note: Possessive, 'soldiers of Pandu's son'.

सैनिकान् (sainikān) - soldiers (accusative plural)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of sainika

sainika - soldier, belonging to an army

Derived from senā (army) with suffix -ika.

Note: Object of vinighnantam.