महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-190, verse-51

तमब्रवीदृषिः ।
ददानि ते वाम्यौ ।
कृतकार्येण भवता ममैव निर्यात्यौ क्षिप्रमिति ॥५१॥

51. tamabravīdṛṣiḥ ,
dadāni te vāmyau ,
kṛtakāryeṇa bhavatā mamaiva niryātyau kṣipramiti.

51. tam abravīt ṛṣiḥ dadāni te vāmyau kṛta
kāryeṇa bhavatā mama eva niryātyau kṣipram iti

51. The sage said to him, "I will give you two Vāmī horses. They are to be returned quickly to me alone by you once your task is accomplished."

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - him, that

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - said, spoke

• ऋषिः (ṛṣiḥ) - sage, seer

• ददानि (dadāni) - I may give, let me give, I will give

• ते (te) - to you

• वाम्यौ (vāmyau) - Vāmī is a type or breed of horse. (two Vāmī horses)

• कृतकार्येण (kṛtakāryeṇa) - by you (the king), after the task is accomplished (by one whose task is done, by the one who has accomplished the task)

• भवता (bhavatā) - by you (honorific)

• मम (mama) - to me, my

• एव (eva) - alone, only, indeed

• निर्यात्यौ (niryātyau) - to be returned, to be given back

• क्षिप्रम् (kṣipram) - quickly, swiftly

• इति (iti) - marks the end of a quotation (thus, so)

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - him, that

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of brū

Imperfect Tense, 3rd Person Singular

Root 'brū' with augment 'a' and personal ending

Root: brū (class 2)

ऋषिः (ṛṣiḥ) - sage, seer

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ṛṣi

ṛṣi - sage, seer, inspired poet

Root: ṛṣ

ददानि (dadāni) - I may give, let me give, I will give

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of dā

Imperative Mood, 1st Person Singular

Root 'dā' (to give) in imperative form for first person

Root: dā (class 3)

ते (te) - to you

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (singular or plural)

वाम्यौ (vāmyau) - Vāmī is a type or breed of horse. (two Vāmī horses)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, dual of vāmin

vāmin - possessed of Vāmī (horses), a horse of a specific breed (Vāmī)

Literally 'having a Vāmī'; used substantively for the horse itself.

कृतकार्येण (kṛtakāryeṇa) - by you (the king), after the task is accomplished (by one whose task is done, by the one who has accomplished the task)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of kṛtakārya

kṛtakārya - one whose work is done, one who has accomplished a task

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (kṛta+kārya)

• kṛta – done, made, performed
  participle (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root 'kṛ' (to do, make)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• kārya – task, duty, work, to be done
  noun (neuter)
  Gerundive
  Derived from root 'kṛ' (to do, make)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

भवता (bhavatā) - by you (honorific)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of bhavat

bhavat - you, your honor, being, existing

Present Active Participle (honorific)

Derived from root 'bhū' (to be)

Root: bhū (class 1)

मम (mama) - to me, my

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

एव (eva) - alone, only, indeed

(indeclinable)

निर्यात्यौ (niryātyau) - to be returned, to be given back

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, dual of niryātya

niryātya - to be returned, to be given back, to be exported

Gerundive

Derived from root 'yā' (to go) with prefix 'nir' and suffix '-ya'

Prefix: nir

Root: yā (class 2)

क्षिप्रम् (kṣipram) - quickly, swiftly

(indeclinable)

Note: Functions adverbially.

इति (iti) - marks the end of a quotation (thus, so)

(indeclinable)