महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-190, verse-37

स तद्वाक्यमुपलभ्य व्यथितेन्द्रियमनाः प्रोवाच ।
प्रसीद राजन् ।
अहमायुर्नाम मण्डूकराजः ।
मम सा दुहिता सुशोभना नाम ।
तस्या दौःशील्यमेतत् ।
बहवो हि राजानस्तया विप्रलब्धपूर्वा इति ॥३७॥

37. sa tadvākyamupalabhya vyathitendriyamanāḥ provāca ,
prasīda rājan ,
ahamāyurnāma maṇḍūkarājaḥ ,
mama sā duhitā suśobhanā nāma ,
tasyā dauḥśīlyametat ,
bahavo hi rājānastayā vipralabdhapūrvā iti.

37. saḥ tat vākyam upalabhya vyathita indriya manāḥ
provāca prasīda rājan aham āyuḥ nāma maṇḍūkarājaḥ
mama sā duhitā suśobhanā nāma tasyāḥ dauḥśīlyam
etat bahavaḥ hi rājānaḥ tayā vipralabdha pūrvāḥ iti

37. Upon hearing that statement, with his senses and mind distressed, he said: 'Have mercy, O King! I am Āyu, the king of frogs. That daughter of mine is named Suśobhanā. This is her bad conduct (dauḥśīlya). Indeed, many kings have been deceived by her previously.'

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - he, that

• तत् वाक्यम् (tat vākyam) - that statement, that speech

• उपलभ्य (upalabhya) - having heard, having understood, having obtained

• व्यथित इन्द्रिय मनाः (vyathita indriya manāḥ) - with distressed senses and mind, having senses and mind troubled

• प्रोवाच (provāca) - he said, he spoke

• प्रसीद (prasīda) - be pleased, be gracious, have mercy

• राजन् (rājan) - O king

• अहम् (aham) - I

• आयुः (āyuḥ) - Āyu (proper name)

• नाम (nāma) - by name, indeed, specifically

• मण्डूकराजः (maṇḍūkarājaḥ) - king of frogs

• मम (mama) - my, of me

• सा (sā) - she, that (feminine)

• दुहिता (duhitā) - daughter

• सुशोभना (suśobhanā) - Suśobhanā (proper name), very beautiful

• नाम (nāma) - by name, indeed, specifically

• तस्याः (tasyāḥ) - her, of her, of that (feminine)

• दौःशील्यम् (dauḥśīlyam) - bad conduct, misconduct, wickedness

• एतत् (etat) - this

• बहवः (bahavaḥ) - many

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for, because

• राजानः (rājānaḥ) - kings

• तया (tayā) - by her, by that (feminine)

• विप्रलब्ध पूर्वाः (vipralabdha pūrvāḥ) - previously deceived, having been deceived before

• इति (iti) - thus, so, in this manner

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: pronominal adjective used as a pronoun

तत् वाक्यम् (tat vākyam) - that statement, that speech

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tatvākya

tatvākya - that statement, that speech

Compound type : karmadhāraya (tad+vākya)

• tad – that
  pronoun
• vākya – speech, statement, word
  noun (neuter)
  from vac
  Root: vac (class 2)

उपलभ्य (upalabhya) - having heard, having understood, having obtained

(indeclinable)

absolutive

prefix upa- + root labh + ya suffix

Prefix: upa

Root: labh (class 1)

Note: absolutive (gerund) indicating prior action

व्यथित इन्द्रिय मनाः (vyathita indriya manāḥ) - with distressed senses and mind, having senses and mind troubled

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vyathitendriyamanas

vyathitendriyamanas - one whose senses and mind are distressed

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vyathita+indriya+manas)

• vyathita – distressed, pained, troubled
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  from root vyath
  Root: vyath (class 1)
• indriya – sense organ, faculty of sense
  noun (neuter)
• manas – mind, intellect, thought
  noun (neuter)
  Root: man (class 4)

Note: qualifies 'saḥ'

प्रोवाच (provāca) - he said, he spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of pravac

from pra- + vac

Prefix: pra

Root: vac (class 2)

प्रसीद (prasīda) - be pleased, be gracious, have mercy

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of prasīd

from pra- + sad

Prefix: pra

Root: sad (class 1)

राजन् (rājan) - O king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king

Root: rāj

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

आयुः (āyuḥ) - Āyu (proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of āyu

āyu - life; (as proper noun) Āyu

नाम (nāma) - by name, indeed, specifically

(indeclinable)

originally accusative singular of nāman, used adverbially

Note: used adverbially to mean 'by name' or 'called'

मण्डूकराजः (maṇḍūkarājaḥ) - king of frogs

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of maṇḍūkarāja

maṇḍūkarāja - king of frogs

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (maṇḍūka+rājan)

• maṇḍūka – frog
  noun (masculine)
• rājan – king
  noun (masculine)
  Root: rāj

मम (mama) - my, of me

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

सा (sā) - she, that (feminine)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: pronominal adjective used as a pronoun

दुहिता (duhitā) - daughter

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of duhity

duhity - daughter

सुशोभना (suśobhanā) - Suśobhanā (proper name), very beautiful

(proper noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of suśobhanā

suśobhanā - very beautiful; (as proper noun) Suśobhanā

नाम (nāma) - by name, indeed, specifically

(indeclinable)

originally accusative singular of nāman, used adverbially

Note: used adverbially to mean 'by name' or 'called'

तस्याः (tasyāḥ) - her, of her, of that (feminine)

(pronoun)

Genitive, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

दौःशील्यम् (dauḥśīlyam) - bad conduct, misconduct, wickedness

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of dauḥśīlya

dauḥśīlya - bad conduct, depravity, wickedness

abstract noun from duḥśīla

एतत् (etat) - this

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this

बहवः (bahavaḥ) - many

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bahu

bahu - much, many

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for, because

(indeclinable)

particle

राजानः (rājānaḥ) - kings

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of rājan

rājan - king

Root: rāj

तया (tayā) - by her, by that (feminine)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

विप्रलब्ध पूर्वाः (vipralabdha pūrvāḥ) - previously deceived, having been deceived before

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vipralabdhapūrva

vipralabdhapūrva - previously deceived

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vipralabdha+pūrva)

• vipralabdha – deceived, cheated, deluded
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  from vi- + pra- + labh
  Prefixes: vi+pra
  Root: labh (class 1)
• pūrva – previous, former, prior
  adjective (masculine)

Note: compound adjective qualifying 'rājānaḥ'

इति (iti) - thus, so, in this manner

(indeclinable)

particle

Note: used to indicate the end of a quotation or speech