महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-190, verse-33

उपेत्य चैनमुवाच ।
मा राजन्क्रोधवशं गमः ।
प्रसादं कुरु ।
नार्हसि मण्डूकानामनपराधिनां वधं कर्तुमिति ॥३३॥

33. upetya cainamuvāca ,
mā rājankrodhavaśaṁ gamaḥ ,
prasādaṁ kuru ,
nārhasi maṇḍūkānāmanaparādhināṁ vadhaṁ kartumiti.

33. upetya ca enam uvāca mā rājan krodhavaśam gamaḥ prasādam
kuru na arhasi maṇḍūkānām anaparādhinām vadham kartum iti

33. And having approached him, [the frog king] said, "O King, do not succumb to the power of anger. Show mercy; you should not kill these innocent frogs."

Words meanings summery:

• उपेत्य (upetya) - having approached, having gone near

• च (ca) - and, also, moreover

• एनम् (enam) - him, this (masc.)

• उवाच (uvāca) - he said, spoke

• मा (mā) - do not, not

• राजन् (rājan) - O King, ruler

• क्रोधवशम् (krodhavaśam) - under the sway of anger, subject to anger

• गमः (gamaḥ) - may you go, go (injunctive)

• प्रसादम् (prasādam) - favor, grace, mercy, calmness

• कुरु (kuru) - do, make, perform, show

• न (na) - not, no

• अर्हसि (arhasi) - you ought, you are able, you are fit

• मण्डूकानाम् (maṇḍūkānām) - of the frogs

• अनपराधिनाम् (anaparādhinām) - of the innocent, of those without fault

• वधम् (vadham) - killing, slaughter, destruction

• कर्तुम् (kartum) - to do, to make, to perform

• इति (iti) - thus, in this manner, indicates conclusion of direct speech

Words meanings and morphology

उपेत्य (upetya) - having approached, having gone near

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from prefix upa- + root i- (to go) + absolutive suffix ya.

Prefix: upa

Root: i (class 2)

च (ca) - and, also, moreover

(indeclinable)

एनम् (enam) - him, this (masc.)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ena

ena - this, that

Demonstrative pronoun.

उवाच (uvāca) - he said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (Lit) of vac

Perfect active indicative

Formed from root vac. Irregular reduplication u-vac-a.

Root: vac (class 2)

मा (mā) - do not, not

(indeclinable)

Prohibitive particle used with aorist subjunctive or injunctive forms.

राजन् (rājan) - O King, ruler

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

N-stem noun.

Root: rāj (class 1)

क्रोधवशम् (krodhavaśam) - under the sway of anger, subject to anger

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of krodhavaśa

krodhavaśa - sway of anger, power of anger

Compound.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (krodha+vaśa)

• krodha – anger, wrath
  noun (masculine)
  Root: krudh (class 4)
• vaśa – sway, control, power
  noun (masculine)
  Root: vaś (class 2)

गमः (gamaḥ) - may you go, go (injunctive)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, aorist injunctive (Luṅ) of gam

Aorist injunctive active

Used with mā for prohibition.

Root: gam (class 1)

प्रसादम् (prasādam) - favor, grace, mercy, calmness

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of prasāda

prasāda - grace, favor, mercy, serenity, calmness

Derived from pra- + sad (to sit down, to become clear/gracious).

Prefix: pra

Root: sad (class 1)

कुरु (kuru) - do, make, perform, show

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (Loṭ) of kṛ

Imperative active

Irregular imperative form of root kṛ.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

Negation particle.

अर्हसि (arhasi) - you ought, you are able, you are fit

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (Laṭ) of arh

Present active indicative

Root arh (to deserve, to be able).

Root: arh (class 1)

मण्डूकानाम् (maṇḍūkānām) - of the frogs

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of maṇḍūka

maṇḍūka - frog

अनपराधिनाम् (anaparādhinām) - of the innocent, of those without fault

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of anaparādhin

anaparādhin - innocent, faultless, blameless

Negative compound of aparādhin.

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (an+aparādhin)

• an – not, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix.
• aparādhin – offender, guilty, criminal
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from aparādha (offence) + suffix in. Can also be used as a noun.

Note: Agrees with maṇḍūkānām.

वधम् (vadham) - killing, slaughter, destruction

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vadha

vadha - killing, slaying, destruction, murder

From root han (to strike, kill), with irregularities.

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Object of kartum.

कर्तुम् (kartum) - to do, to make, to perform

(indeclinable)

Infinitive

Infinitive form of root kṛ.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

इति (iti) - thus, in this manner, indicates conclusion of direct speech

(indeclinable)

Particle indicating quotation or conclusion.