महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-190, verse-60

वामदेव उवाच ।
प्रयच्छ वाम्यौ मम पार्थिव त्वं कृतं हि ते कार्यमन्यैरशक्यम् ।
मा त्वा वधीद्वरुणो घोरपाशैर्ब्रह्मक्षत्रस्यान्तरे वर्तमानः ॥६०॥

60. vāmadeva uvāca ,
prayaccha vāmyau mama pārthiva tvaṁ; kṛtaṁ hi te kāryamanyairaśakyam ,
mā tvā vadhīdvaruṇo ghorapāśai;rbrahmakṣatrasyāntare vartamānaḥ.

60. vāmadevaḥ uvāca | prayaccha vāmyau mama
pārthiva tvam kṛtam hi te kāryam anyaiḥ
aśakyam | mā tvā vadhīt varuṇaḥ
ghorapāśaiḥ brahmakṣatrasya antare vartamānaḥ

60. Vāmadeva said, "O King, you must give me the two horses. Indeed, this is your duty (kārya), which others cannot fulfill. May Varuṇa, who resides between the Brahmin (brahman) and Kṣatriya (kṣatra) powers, not bind you with dreadful nooses."

Words meanings summery:

• वामदेवः (vāmadevaḥ) - Vāmadeva (Vāmadeva (proper noun))

• उवाच (uvāca) - said (said, spoke)

• प्रयच्छ (prayaccha) - give (me) (give, grant)

• वाम्यौ (vāmyau) - the two horses (that were requested) (two horses, two mares)

• मम (mama) - to me (my, to me)

• पार्थिव (pārthiva) - O king (O king, O earthly one)

• त्वम् (tvam) - you (the king) (you)

• कृतम् (kṛtam) - performed (as a deed or duty) (done, made)

• हि (hi) - for, indeed (indeed, surely, for)

• ते (te) - by you (by you, for you, your)

• कार्यम् (kāryam) - duty, task (work, duty, to be done)

• अन्यैः (anyaiḥ) - by others

• अशक्यम् (aśakyam) - impossible (to achieve/perform) (impossible, not possible)

• मा (mā) - do not (prohibition) (not, do not)

• त्वा (tvā) - you (the king) (you (accusative))

• वधीत् (vadhīt) - may he bind/harm (implies binding from Varuṇa's nooses) (may he kill, strike)

• वरुणः (varuṇaḥ) - Varuṇa (Varuṇa (name of a Vedic deity))

• घोरपाशैः (ghorapāśaiḥ) - with dreadful nooses

• ब्रह्मक्षत्रस्य (brahmakṣatrasya) - of the Brahmin (brahman) and Kṣatriya (kṣatra) powers (of the Brahmin and Kṣatriya powers)

• अन्तरे (antare) - between (the two powers) (between, in the interval, in the midst)

• वर्तमानः (vartamānaḥ) - existing, acting (as mediator) (being, existing, present)

Words meanings and morphology

वामदेवः (vāmadevaḥ) - Vāmadeva (Vāmadeva (proper noun))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vāmadeva

vāmadeva - Vāmadeva (name of a sage)

Note: Subject of 'uvāca'

उवाच (uvāca) - said (said, spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect Tense, 3rd Person Singular, Active Voice

Root: vac (class 2)

प्रयच्छ (prayaccha) - give (me) (give, grant)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (lot) of dā

Imperative Mood, 2nd Person Singular, Active Voice, from root dā with prefix pra

Prefix: pra

Root: dā (class 3)

वाम्यौ (vāmyau) - the two horses (that were requested) (two horses, two mares)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, dual of vāmin

vāmin - mare, horse, desirable

Note: Object of 'prayaccha'

मम (mama) - to me (my, to me)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of aham

aham - I, myself

First person pronoun

Note: Dative sense.

पार्थिव (pārthiva) - O king (O king, O earthly one)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of pārthiva

pārthiva - earthly, king, ruler

Derived from pṛthivī (earth), meaning 'lord of the earth' or 'king'

त्वम् (tvam) - you (the king) (you)

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Second person pronoun, nominative singular

Note: Subject of implied 'asi' or explicit 'prayaccha'

कृतम् (kṛtam) - performed (as a deed or duty) (done, made)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kṛta

kṛta - done, made, performed

Past Passive Participle

From root kṛ 'to do, to make'

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Predicate nominative for 'kāryam'

हि (hi) - for, indeed (indeed, surely, for)

(indeclinable)

Particle

ते (te) - by you (by you, for you, your)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Second person pronoun, genitive/dative singular (enclitic form)

Note: Often takes instrumental sense with PPP.

कार्यम् (kāryam) - duty, task (work, duty, to be done)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kārya

kārya - to be done, work, duty, business

Gerundive (Potential Passive Participle)

From root kṛ + suffix -ya, meaning 'that which should be done'

Root: kṛ (class 8)

अन्यैः (anyaiḥ) - by others

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of anya

anya - other, another

Indefinite pronoun/adjective, instrumental plural

Note: Agent with passive construction 'aśakyam'

अशक्यम् (aśakyam) - impossible (to achieve/perform) (impossible, not possible)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of aśakya

aśakya - impossible, not possible, unachievable

Gerundive (Potential Passive Participle)

Nañ-tatpuruṣa compound of 'a' (not) and 'śakya' (possible, achievable from root śak)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+śakya)

• a – not, without
  indeclinable
  Negative particle
• śakya – possible, able to be done
  adjective
  Gerundive (PPP)
  From root śak 'to be able', suffix -ya
  Root: śak (class 5)

Note: Agrees with 'kāryam'

मा (mā) - do not (prohibition) (not, do not)

(indeclinable)

Prohibitive particle, used with injunctive mood (aorist)

त्वा (tvā) - you (the king) (you (accusative))

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Second person pronoun, accusative singular (enclitic form)

Note: Object of 'vadhīt'

वधीत् (vadhīt) - may he bind/harm (implies binding from Varuṇa's nooses) (may he kill, strike)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, injunctive (aorist) (luṅ) of han

Injunctive (Aorist with mā), 3rd Person Singular, Active Voice. 'vadh' is a substitute for 'han' in some forms.

Root: han (class 2)

वरुणः (varuṇaḥ) - Varuṇa (Varuṇa (name of a Vedic deity))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of varuṇa

varuṇa - Varuṇa (a Vedic deity, guardian of cosmic order, associated with water and justice)

Note: Subject of 'vadhīt'

घोरपाशैः (ghorapāśaiḥ) - with dreadful nooses

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of ghorapāśa

ghorapāśa - dreadful noose

Karmadhāraya compound

Compound type : karmadhāraya (ghora+pāśa)

• ghora – dreadful, terrible, fearful
  adjective
• pāśa – noose, bond, fetter
  noun (masculine)

ब्रह्मक्षत्रस्य (brahmakṣatrasya) - of the Brahmin (brahman) and Kṣatriya (kṣatra) powers (of the Brahmin and Kṣatriya powers)

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of brahmakṣatra

brahmakṣatra - Brahmin and Kṣatriya (powers); priestly and ruling power

Dvandva compound

Compound type : dvandva (brahman+kṣatra)

• brahman – Brahmin, priestly power (brahman)
  noun (neuter)
  Neuter form means priestly power, masculine form means a Brahmin
  Root: bṛh (class 1)
• kṣatra – ruling power, warrior class, domain (kṣatra)
  noun (neuter)
  Root: kṣi (class 5)

अन्तरे (antare) - between (the two powers) (between, in the interval, in the midst)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of antara

antara - interval, space between, inside, difference

Locative singular

वर्तमानः (vartamānaḥ) - existing, acting (as mediator) (being, existing, present)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vartamāna

vartamāna - being, existing, present

Present Active Participle

From root vṛt 'to be, to exist' + present participle suffix -māna

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Agrees with Varuṇaḥ.