महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-146, verse-79

अतः परमगम्योऽयं पर्वतः सुदुरारुहः ।
विना सिद्धगतिं वीर गतिरत्र न विद्यते ॥७९॥

79. ataḥ paramagamyo'yaṁ parvataḥ sudurāruhaḥ ,
vinā siddhagatiṁ vīra gatiratra na vidyate.

79. ataḥ param agamyaḥ ayam parvataḥ sudurāruhaḥ
vinā siddhagatim vīra gatiḥ atra na vidyate

79. Therefore, this mountain is inaccessible beyond this point and extremely difficult to ascend. O hero, without the movement (or path) of perfected beings (siddhas), there is no passage here.

Words meanings summery:

• अतः (ataḥ) - Hence, therefore, from this.

• परम् (param) - Beyond this point. (Beyond, further, supreme.)

• अगम्यः (agamyaḥ) - Inaccessible, unreachable, impossible to go.

• अयम् (ayam) - This.

• पर्वतः (parvataḥ) - Mountain, hill.

• सुदुरारुहः (sudurāruhaḥ) - Very difficult to ascend/climb.

• विना (vinā) - Without, except.

• सिद्धगतिम् (siddhagatim) - The path of the Siddhas, the movement of perfected beings.

• वीर (vīra) - O hero, O brave one.

• गतिः (gatiḥ) - Path, movement, access, way.

• अत्र (atra) - Here, in this place.

• न (na) - Not, no.

• विद्यते (vidyate) - Is, exists, is found.

Words meanings and morphology

अतः (ataḥ) - Hence, therefore, from this.

(indeclinable)

Formed with suffix -tas from idam.

परम् (param) - Beyond this point. (Beyond, further, supreme.)

(indeclinable)

Note: Accusative singular neuter, functioning adverbially.

अगम्यः (agamyaḥ) - Inaccessible, unreachable, impossible to go.

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of agamya

agamya - Inaccessible, impassable, not to be approached.

Gerundive/Potential Participle

Derived from root gam (to go) with prefix a (not), suffix ya.

Compound type : nañ-tatpurusha (a+gamya)

• a – Not, un-, in-.
  indeclinable
• gamya – To be gone, accessible, approachable.
  adjective (masculine)
  Gerundive
  Root gam + -ya suffix.
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Predicate adjective for 'parvataḥ'.

अयम् (ayam) - This.

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - This, here, present.

Masculine nominative singular of idam.

Note: Subject of the sentence, refers to the mountain.

पर्वतः (parvataḥ) - Mountain, hill.

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of parvata

parvata - Mountain, hill, rock.

Note: Main noun, subject of the sentence.

सुदुरारुहः (sudurāruhaḥ) - Very difficult to ascend/climb.

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sudurāruha

sudurāruha - Very difficult to ascend, very difficult to climb.

Formed with prefixes su- (very), dur- (difficult) and ā- (towards/up) from root ruh (to ascend).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (su+dur+āruha)

• su – Good, well, easily, very.
  indeclinable
• dur – Bad, difficult, hard.
  indeclinable
• āruha – Ascending, climbing.
  adjective (masculine)
  From ā + ruh.
  Prefix: ā
  Root: ruh (class 1)

Note: Predicate adjective for 'parvataḥ'.

विना (vinā) - Without, except.

(indeclinable)

Preposition that takes accusative.

Note: Preposition governing 'siddhagatim'.

सिद्धगतिम् (siddhagatim) - The path of the Siddhas, the movement of perfected beings.

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of siddhagati

siddhagati - The path of perfected beings, the course of the Siddhas.

Compound type : tatpurusha (siddha+gati)

• siddha – Perfected, accomplished, fulfilled, a perfected being (siddha).
  noun (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root sidh (to accomplish).
  Root: sidh (class 4)
• gati – Motion, going, path, course, access, means.
  noun (feminine)
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Object of 'vinā'.

वीर (vīra) - O hero, O brave one.

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of vīra

vīra - Hero, brave, valiant man.

Note: Addressed to the listener.

गतिः (gatiḥ) - Path, movement, access, way.

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of gati

gati - Motion, going, path, course, access, means.

From root gam (to go).

Root: gam (class 1)

अत्र (atra) - Here, in this place.

(indeclinable)

Formed from idam with suffix -tra.

न (na) - Not, no.

(indeclinable)

Negative particle.

Note: Negates the verb 'vidyate'.

विद्यते (vidyate) - Is, exists, is found.

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of vid

Present tense, Middle voice (Ātmanepada)

3rd person singular, present indicative. Root vid (to be/exist, 4th class).

Root: vid (class 4)