महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-146, verse-15

रुक्मपृष्ठं धनुर्गृह्य शरांश्चाशीविषोपमान् ।
मृगराडिव संक्रुद्धः प्रभिन्न इव कुञ्जरः ॥१५॥

15. rukmapṛṣṭhaṁ dhanurgṛhya śarāṁścāśīviṣopamān ,
mṛgarāḍiva saṁkruddhaḥ prabhinna iva kuñjaraḥ.

15. rukmapṛṣṭham dhanuḥ gṛhya śarān ca āśīviṣopamān
mṛgarāṭ iva saṃkruddhaḥ prabhinnaḥ iva kuñjaraḥ

15. Taking up a bow with a golden back and arrows resembling venomous serpents, he became intensely enraged, like a lion or a rutting elephant.

Words meanings summery:

• रुक्मपृष्ठम् (rukmapṛṣṭham) - gold-backed, with a golden back

• धनुः (dhanuḥ) - bow

• गृह्य (gṛhya) - having taken, having seized

• शरान् (śarān) - arrows

• च (ca) - and

• आशीविषोपमान् (āśīviṣopamān) - resembling venomous serpents (like venomous serpents)

• मृगराट् (mṛgarāṭ) - lion (king of beasts, lion)

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• संक्रुद्धः (saṁkruddhaḥ) - very enraged, furious

• प्रभिन्नः (prabhinnaḥ) - rutting (elephant) (broken open; rutting (elephant))

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• कुञ्जरः (kuñjaraḥ) - elephant

Words meanings and morphology

रुक्मपृष्ठम् (rukmapṛṣṭham) - gold-backed, with a golden back

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of rukmapṛṣṭha

rukmapṛṣṭha - gold-backed, having a back of gold

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (rukma+pṛṣṭha)

• rukma – gold, bright
  noun (neuter)
• pṛṣṭha – back, surface, top
  noun (neuter)

Note: Modifies 'dhanuḥ'.

धनुः (dhanuḥ) - bow

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dhanus

dhanus - bow, weapon

गृह्य (gṛhya) - having taken, having seized

(indeclinable)

Absolutive/Gerund

Indeclinable participle of root 'grah' (to seize, take)

Root: grah (class 9)

शरान् (śarān) - arrows

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of śara

śara - arrow, reed

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

आशीविषोपमान् (āśīviṣopamān) - resembling venomous serpents (like venomous serpents)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of āśīviṣopama

āśīviṣopama - resembling venomous serpents

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (āśīviṣa+upama)

• āśīviṣa – venomous serpent, cobra (literally, one whose venom is in its fangs/blessings)
  noun (masculine)
• upama – likeness, comparison, resemblance
  noun (feminine)

Note: Modifies 'śarān'.

मृगराट् (mṛgarāṭ) - lion (king of beasts, lion)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mṛgarāj

mṛgarāj - king of beasts, lion

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī tatpuruṣa (mṛga+rājan)

• mṛga – animal, deer
  noun (masculine)
• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

संक्रुद्धः (saṁkruddhaḥ) - very enraged, furious

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃkruddha

saṁkruddha - very angry, enraged, furious

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'krudh' (to be angry) with upasarga 'sam'

Prefix: sam

Root: krudh (class 4)

Note: Modifies the implied subject (Arjuna).

प्रभिन्नः (prabhinnaḥ) - rutting (elephant) (broken open; rutting (elephant))

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prabhinna

prabhinna - broken open, split; having the ichor flowing (of an elephant in rut)

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'bhid' (to split, break) with upasarga 'pra'

Prefix: pra

Root: bhid (class 7)

Note: Modifies 'kuñjaraḥ'.

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

कुञ्जरः (kuñjaraḥ) - elephant

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kuñjara

kuñjara - elephant (literally, one who plays in groves)