महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-49, verse-1

वासुदेव उवाच ।
शृणु कौन्तेय रामस्य मया यावत्परिश्रुतम् ।
महर्षीणां कथयतां कारणं तस्य जन्म च ॥१॥

1. vāsudeva uvāca ,
śṛṇu kaunteya rāmasya mayā yāvatpariśrutam ,
maharṣīṇāṁ kathayatāṁ kāraṇaṁ tasya janma ca.

1. vāsudevaḥ uvāca śṛṇu kaunteya rāmasya mayā yāvat
pariśrutam maharṣīṇām kathayatām kāraṇam tasya janma ca

1. vāsudevaḥ uvāca kaunteya mayā maharṣīṇām kathayatām
tasya rāmasya kāraṇam janma ca yāvat pariśrutam śṛṇu

1. Vāsudeva said: O son of Kuntī (Kaunteya), listen to all that I have heard from the great sages (maharṣīs), as they narrated the reason for his (Rama's) birth and his origin.

Words meanings summery:

• वासुदेवः (vāsudevaḥ) - Krishna (Vasudeva (father of Krishna), Krishna (son of Vasudeva))

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• शृणु (śṛṇu) - listen, hear

• कौन्तेय (kaunteya) - O Arjuna or Yudhishthira (addressed by Krishna) (O son of Kuntī)

• रामस्य (rāmasya) - of Rama

• मया (mayā) - by me

• यावत् (yāvat) - all that (as much as, as many as, all that)

• परिश्रुतम् (pariśrutam) - heard, listened to

• महर्षीणाम् (maharṣīṇām) - of the great sages (maharṣīs)

• कथयताम् (kathayatām) - as they narrated (while narrating, telling)

• कारणम् (kāraṇam) - reason, cause (cause, reason, motive)

• तस्य (tasya) - his (Rama's) (his, of him)

• जन्म (janma) - origin, birth (birth, origin, existence)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

Words meanings and morphology

वासुदेवः (vāsudevaḥ) - Krishna (Vasudeva (father of Krishna), Krishna (son of Vasudeva))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vāsudeva

vāsudeva - Krishna; son of Vasudeva

Note: Refers to Krishna

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

शृणु (śṛṇu) - listen, hear

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of śru

Root: śru (class 5)

कौन्तेय (kaunteya) - O Arjuna or Yudhishthira (addressed by Krishna) (O son of Kuntī)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of kaunteya

kaunteya - son of Kuntī

Patronymic from Kuntī

Note: Refers to Yudhishthira in this context (as the previous verse was addressed to him)

रामस्य (rāmasya) - of Rama

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rama (name of a hero, Pārashurāma, Balarāma, Dāśarathi Rāma)

Note: Refers to Paraśurāma, as context with Jamadagnya suggests

मया (mayā) - by me

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

Pronoun for the first person singular

यावत् (yāvat) - all that (as much as, as many as, all that)

(indeclinable)

परिश्रुतम् (pariśrutam) - heard, listened to

(adjective)

neuter, singular of pariśruta

pariśruta - heard, listened to, celebrated

Past Passive Participle

Derived from pari- (around, completely) + śru (to hear)

Prefix: pari

Root: śru (class 5)

महर्षीणाम् (maharṣīṇām) - of the great sages (maharṣīs)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of maharṣi

maharṣi - great sage, seer

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+ṛṣi)

• mahā – great, mighty
  adjective
• ṛṣi – sage, seer
  noun (masculine)

कथयताम् (kathayatām) - as they narrated (while narrating, telling)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of kathay

kathay - to tell, narrate, relate

Present Active Participle

Causative of kath (to speak, tell), with śatṛ suffix

Root: kath (class 10)

Note: Qualifies 'maharṣīṇām'

कारणम् (kāraṇam) - reason, cause (cause, reason, motive)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kāraṇa

kāraṇa - cause, reason, instrument, motive

From root kṛ (to do) + ana suffix

Root: kṛ (class 8)

तस्य (tasya) - his (Rama's) (his, of him)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun

Note: Refers to Rama

जन्म (janma) - origin, birth (birth, origin, existence)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of janman

janman - birth, origin, existence, life

From root jan (to be born)

Root: jan (class 4)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects kāraṇam and janma