महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-335, verse-16

सोऽनिरुद्ध इति प्रोक्तस्तत्प्रधानं प्रचक्षते ।
तदव्यक्तमिति ज्ञेयं त्रिगुणं नृपसत्तम ॥१६॥

16. so'niruddha iti proktastatpradhānaṁ pracakṣate ,
tadavyaktamiti jñeyaṁ triguṇaṁ nṛpasattama.

16. saḥ aniruddhaḥ iti proktaḥ tatpradhānam pracakṣate
tat avyaktam iti jñeyam triguṇam nṛpasattama

16. saḥ aniruddhaḥ iti proktaḥ.
tatpradhānam pracakṣate.
nṛpasattama,
tat avyaktam triguṇam iti jñeyam.

16. He is thus declared to be Aniruddha; that (Aniruddha) they refer to as the primary principle. That unmanifest (avyakta), O best of kings, should be understood as possessing the three qualities (guṇas).

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - he (referring to the previously mentioned masculine form) (he, that)

• अनिरुद्धः (aniruddhaḥ) - Aniruddha (a name for this manifested form of brahman) (unobstructed, uncontrolled; a name of Viṣṇu's grandson)

• इति (iti) - thus (declared to be) (thus, so, in this manner; used to mark direct speech or a designation)

• प्रोक्तः (proktaḥ) - declared, called (declared, said, proclaimed, called)

• तत्प्रधानम् (tatpradhānam) - that primary principle (that primary, that principal, that chief)

• प्रचक्षते (pracakṣate) - they designate (they call, they designate, they declare)

• तत् (tat) - that (principle) (that, it)

• अव्यक्तम् (avyaktam) - the unmanifest (avyakta) (the unmanifest, the unrevealed)

• इति (iti) - thus (to be known) (thus, so, in this manner; used to mark direct speech or a designation)

• ज्ञेयम् (jñeyam) - should be known (to be known, knowable, understandable)

• त्रिगुणम् (triguṇam) - possessing the three qualities (guṇas) (having three qualities, consisting of three strands (guṇas))

• नृपसत्तम (nṛpasattama) - O best of kings (vocative address) (O best of kings)

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - he (referring to the previously mentioned masculine form) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

अनिरुद्धः (aniruddhaḥ) - Aniruddha (a name for this manifested form of brahman) (unobstructed, uncontrolled; a name of Viṣṇu's grandson)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of aniruddha

aniruddha - unobstructed, uncontrolled; a proper name, son of Pradyumna and grandson of Kṛṣṇa, identified with the cosmic mind (manas) and a form of Viṣṇu

Past Passive Participle (negative)

From 'a' (not) + 'ni' (down, in) + root 'rudh' (to obstruct, hinder). Literally, 'not obstructed'.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (a+niruddha)

• a – not, un-, in-, without
  indeclinable
  negation prefix
• niruddha – obstructed, hindered, stopped, confined, restrained
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From 'ni' (down) + root 'rudh' (to obstruct)
  Prefix: ni
  Root: rudh (class 7)

इति (iti) - thus (declared to be) (thus, so, in this manner; used to mark direct speech or a designation)

(indeclinable)

प्रोक्तः (proktaḥ) - declared, called (declared, said, proclaimed, called)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prokta

prokta - declared, said, spoken, proclaimed, stated

Past Passive Participle

From 'pra' (forth) + root 'vac' (to speak). The 'vac' root undergoes substitution to 'ukta' in PPP.

Prefix: pra

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Agrees with `saḥ`.

तत्प्रधानम् (tatpradhānam) - that primary principle (that primary, that principal, that chief)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tatpradhāna

tatpradhāna - that which is chief, the primary principle

Compound of 'tat' (that) and 'pradhāna' (chief, primary, principal). Here, referring to the fundamental constituent of nature, prakṛti.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (tad+pradhāna)

• tad – that, it
  pronoun (neuter)
• pradhāna – chief, principal, primary, main; primordial matter, nature
  noun (neuter)
  From 'pra' (forth) + root 'dhā' (to place, put)
  Prefix: pra
  Root: dhā (class 3)

प्रचक्षते (pracakṣate) - they designate (they call, they designate, they declare)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, present (laṭ) of cakṣ

Root 'cakṣ' with prefix 'pra'. The form is 3rd person plural present middle/ātmanepada.

Prefix: pra

Root: cakṣ (class 2)

तत् (tat) - that (principle) (that, it)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it

अव्यक्तम् (avyaktam) - the unmanifest (avyakta) (the unmanifest, the unrevealed)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of avyakta

avyakta - unmanifest, unrevealed; the primordial state of prakṛti; not apparent, indistinct, invisible, unevolved, undeclared, undefined, implicit, latent; the primeval or rudimentary form of existence

From 'a' (not) + 'vyakta' (manifested)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (a+vyakta)

• a – not, un-, in-, without
  indeclinable
  negation prefix
• vyakta – manifest, apparent, revealed, distinct, developed, visible, expressed, declared
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From 'vi' (apart) + 'añj' (to anoint, reveal)
  Prefix: vi
  Root: añj (class 7)

इति (iti) - thus (to be known) (thus, so, in this manner; used to mark direct speech or a designation)

(indeclinable)

ज्ञेयम् (jñeyam) - should be known (to be known, knowable, understandable)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of jñeya

jñeya - to be known, knowable, understandable

Gerundive

From root 'jñā' (to know), formed with the suffix -eya

Root: jñā (class 9)

त्रिगुणम् (triguṇam) - possessing the three qualities (guṇas) (having three qualities, consisting of three strands (guṇas))

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of triguṇa

triguṇa - having three qualities (sattva, rajas, tamas), consisting of three strands or properties

From 'tri' (three) + 'guṇa' (quality, strand). In Sāṅkhya philosophy, the three guṇas are sattva, rajas, and tamas, which constitute prakṛti.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (tri+guṇa)

• tri – three
  adjective
  numeral
• guṇa – quality, attribute, property, strand, constituent
  noun (masculine)

नृपसत्तम (nṛpasattama) - O best of kings (vocative address) (O best of kings)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of nṛpasattama

nṛpasattama - best among kings, O noblest of kings

Compound of 'nṛpa' (king) and 'sattama' (best, excellent). Formed with the superlative suffix -tama.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nṛpa+sattama)

• nṛpa – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  Root: nṛ
• sattama – best, excellent, highest, most virtuous
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative form