वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-31, verse-84

राक्षसा विस्मयं जग्मुस्त्रासं जग्मुस्तथापरे ।
अपरे समरोद्धर्षाद्धर्षमेवोपपेदिरे ॥८४॥

84. rākṣasā vismayaṃ jagmustrāsaṃ jagmustathāpare ,
apare samaroddharṣāddharṣamevopapedire.

84. rākṣasāḥ vismayam jagmuḥ trāsam jagmuḥ tathā
apare apare samara uddharṣāt harṣam eva upapedire

84. The rākṣasas felt astonishment; others felt fear. And still others, from the excitement of battle, indeed experienced joy.

Words meanings summery:

• राक्षसाः (rākṣasāḥ) - the Rākṣasas (inhabitants of Lanka) (demons, fiends, Rākṣasas)

• विस्मयम् (vismayam) - astonishment (astonishment, wonder, surprise)

• जग्मुः (jagmuḥ) - they felt, they experienced (they went, they attained, they experienced)

• त्रासम् (trāsam) - fear (fear, terror, alarm)

• जग्मुः (jagmuḥ) - they felt, they experienced (they went, they attained, they experienced)

• तथा (tathā) - and (so, thus, in that manner, and)

• अपरे (apare) - others (others, other ones)

• अपरे (apare) - still others (others, other ones)

• समरोद्धर्षात् (samaroddharṣāt) - from the excitement of battle (from the excitement/thrill of battle)

• हर्षम् (harṣam) - joy (joy, delight, excitement)

• एव (eva) - indeed (indeed, only, just, exactly)

• उपपेदिरे (upapedire) - they attained, they experienced (they attained, they reached, they obtained)

Words meanings and morphology

राक्षसाः (rākṣasāḥ) - the Rākṣasas (inhabitants of Lanka) (demons, fiends, Rākṣasas)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of rākṣasa

rākṣasa - demon, fiend, Rākṣasa (a mythical being, often antagonistic)

From 'rakṣ' (to protect) or related to 'rākṣas' (harming).

Root: rakṣ (class 1)

Note: Subject of the first verb 'jagmuḥ'.

विस्मयम् (vismayam) - astonishment (astonishment, wonder, surprise)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vismaya

vismaya - astonishment, wonder, surprise, amazement

From vi-√smi (to wonder).

Prefix: vi

Root: smi (class 1)

Note: Direct object of 'jagmuḥ'.

जग्मुः (jagmuḥ) - they felt, they experienced (they went, they attained, they experienced)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past perfect (lit) of gam

Perfect, 3rd person, plural, active voice

Reduplicated perfect tense of √gam (1st class).

Root: gam (class 1)

त्रासम् (trāsam) - fear (fear, terror, alarm)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of trāsa

trāsa - fear, terror, alarm, trembling

From √tras (to tremble, fear).

Root: tras (class 4)

Note: Direct object of 'jagmuḥ'.

जग्मुः (jagmuḥ) - they felt, they experienced (they went, they attained, they experienced)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past perfect (lit) of gam

Perfect, 3rd person, plural, active voice

Reduplicated perfect tense of √gam (1st class).

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Verb for 'apare'.

तथा (tathā) - and (so, thus, in that manner, and)

(indeclinable)

अपरे (apare) - others (others, other ones)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of apara

apara - other, another, subsequent, western

Note: Subject of the second 'jagmuḥ'.

अपरे (apare) - still others (others, other ones)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of apara

apara - other, another, subsequent, western

Note: Subject of 'upapedire'.

समरोद्धर्षात् (samaroddharṣāt) - from the excitement of battle (from the excitement/thrill of battle)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of samaroddharṣa

samaroddharṣa - excitement/thrill of battle

Compound of 'samara' (battle) and 'uddhharṣa' (excitement, thrill).

Compound type : tatpurusha (samara+uddhharṣa)

• samara – battle, war, combat
  noun (masculine)
• uddhharṣa – great joy, excitement, thrill
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root √hṛṣ (to be excited) with prefix ud-.
  Prefix: ud
  Root: hṛṣ (class 4)

Note: Indicates cause ('from').

हर्षम् (harṣam) - joy (joy, delight, excitement)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of harṣa

harṣa - joy, delight, excitement, thrill

From √hṛṣ (to be thrilled, excited).

Root: hṛṣ (class 4)

Note: Direct object of 'upapedire'.

एव (eva) - indeed (indeed, only, just, exactly)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes 'harṣam'.

उपपेदिरे (upapedire) - they attained, they experienced (they attained, they reached, they obtained)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, past perfect (lit) of upa-√pad

Perfect, 3rd person, plural, middle voice

Reduplicated perfect tense of √pad (4th class) with prefix upa-.

Prefix: upa

Root: pad (class 4)