वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-31, verse-82

चतुर्द्वाराणि सर्वाणि सुग्रीववचनात् कपिः ।
पर्याक्रमत दुर्धर्षो नक्षत्राणीव चन्द्रमाः ॥८२॥

82. caturdvārāṇi sarvāṇi sugrīvavacanāt kapiḥ ,
paryākramata durdharṣo nakṣatrāṇīva candramāḥ.

82. caturdvārāṇi sarvāṇi sugrīvavacanāt kapiḥ
paryākramata durdharṣaḥ nakṣatrāṇi iva candramāḥ

82. By Sugrīva's command, the unconquerable monkey moved around all the four gates, just as the moon traverses the constellations.

Words meanings summery:

• चतुर्द्वाराणि (caturdvārāṇi) - all four gates (of Lanka) (four-gated, having four gates)

• सर्वाणि (sarvāṇi) - all (all, every)

• सुग्रीववचनात् (sugrīvavacanāt) - by Sugrīva's command (from Sugrīva's words/command)

• कपिः (kapiḥ) - the monkey (referring to a specific monkey chief like Hanumān or Suṣeṇa) (monkey, ape)

• पर्याक्रमत (paryākramata) - he moved around, he traversed (he moved around, he assailed, he walked about)

• दुर्धर्षः (durdharṣaḥ) - unconquerable (unassailable, unconquerable, difficult to attack)

• नक्षत्राणि (nakṣatrāṇi) - constellations (stars, constellations)

• इव (iva) - just as (like, as, as if)

• चन्द्रमाः (candramāḥ) - the moon

Words meanings and morphology

चतुर्द्वाराणि (caturdvārāṇi) - all four gates (of Lanka) (four-gated, having four gates)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, plural of caturdvāra

caturdvāra - having four doors/gates, four-gated

Compound type : bahuvrihi (catur+dvāra)

• catur – four
  numeral
• dvāra – door, gate, entrance
  noun (neuter)

Note: Qualifies an implied noun (like 'gates' or 'city').

सर्वाणि (sarvāṇi) - all (all, every)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, complete

Note: Agrees with 'caturdvārāṇi'.

सुग्रीववचनात् (sugrīvavacanāt) - by Sugrīva's command (from Sugrīva's words/command)

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of sugrīvavacana

sugrīvavacana - Sugrīva's word/command

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (sugrīva+vacana)

• sugrīva – Sugrīva (name of the monkey king)
  proper noun (masculine)
• vacana – word, speech, command, saying
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from root √vac (to speak).
  Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Indicates source or cause ('by Sugrīva's command').

कपिः (kapiḥ) - the monkey (referring to a specific monkey chief like Hanumān or Suṣeṇa) (monkey, ape)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kapi

kapi - monkey, ape, elephant

Note: Subject of the verb 'paryākramata'.

पर्याक्रमत (paryākramata) - he moved around, he traversed (he moved around, he assailed, he walked about)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, past imperfect (laṅ) of pari-ā-√kram

Imperfect, 3rd person, singular, middle voice

Imperfect tense of √kram (1st class) with prefixes pari- and ā-.

Prefixes: pari+ā

Root: kram (class 1)

दुर्धर्षः (durdharṣaḥ) - unconquerable (unassailable, unconquerable, difficult to attack)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of durdharṣa

durdharṣa - unassailable, unconquerable, difficult to attack, formidable

Derived from 'dur-' (difficult) and √dhṛṣ (to dare, attack).

Compound type : karmadharaya (dur+dharṣa)

• dur – bad, difficult, ill
  indeclinable
• dharṣa – daring, assault, insolence
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root √dhṛṣ (to dare, attack).
  Root: dhṛṣ (class 5)

Note: Agrees with 'kapiḥ'.

नक्षत्राणि (nakṣatrāṇi) - constellations (stars, constellations)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of nakṣatra

nakṣatra - star, constellation, lunar mansion

Note: Object of implied motion, part of the simile.

इव (iva) - just as (like, as, as if)

(indeclinable)

चन्द्रमाः (candramāḥ) - the moon

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of candramas

candramas - the moon, moon-god

Note: Subject of the simile.

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