वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-31, verse-22

तां सुरैरपि दुर्धर्षां रामवाक्यप्रचोदिताः ।
यथानिदेशं संपीड्य न्यविशन्त वनौकसः ॥२२॥

22. tāṃ surairapi durdharṣāṃ rāmavākyapracoditāḥ ,
yathānideśaṃ saṃpīḍya nyaviśanta vanaukasaḥ.

22. tām suraiḥ api durhṣarṣām rāmavākyapracoditāḥ
yathānideśam saṃpīḍya nyaviśanta vanaukasaḥ

22. vanaukasaḥ rāmavākyapracoditāḥ tām suraiḥ api
durhṣarṣām saṃpīḍya yathānideśam nyaviśanta

22. Impelled by the words of Rama, the forest-dwellers (vanaukasaḥ), after severely pressing that city, which was unconquerable even by the gods, stationed themselves as instructed.

Words meanings summery:

• ताम् (tām) - that (city) (her, that (feminine accusative singular of 'tad'))

• सुरैः (suraiḥ) - by gods, by divinities

• अपि (api) - even (even, also, too, moreover)

• दुर्ह्षर्षाम् (durhṣarṣām) - unconquerable (difficult to subdue, unconquerable, invincible)

• रामवाक्यप्रचोदिताः (rāmavākyapracoditāḥ) - impelled by Rama's words, instigated by Rama's command

• यथानिदेशम् (yathānideśam) - as instructed (according to instruction, as ordered)

• संपीड्य (saṁpīḍya) - having severely pressed (besieged) (having oppressed, having tormented, having besieged)

• न्यविशन्त (nyaviśanta) - they stationed themselves (they entered, they settled, they stationed themselves)

• वनौकसः (vanaukasaḥ) - forest-dwellers (vanaukasaḥ) (forest-dwellers, monkeys (literally 'dwelling in the forest'))

Words meanings and morphology

ताम् (tām) - that (city) (her, that (feminine accusative singular of 'tad'))

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she, it

सुरैः (suraiḥ) - by gods, by divinities

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of sura

sura - god, deity, divine being

अपि (api) - even (even, also, too, moreover)

(indeclinable)

दुर्ह्षर्षाम् (durhṣarṣām) - unconquerable (difficult to subdue, unconquerable, invincible)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of durhṣarṣa

durhṣarṣa - difficult to subdue, unconquerable, invincible

From 'dur' (difficult) + root 'dhṛṣ' (to dare, to attack) + 'a' suffix.

Compound type : tatpurusha (dus+dhṛṣa)

• dus – bad, difficult, ill
  indeclinable
• dhṛṣa – daring, bold, to be dared
  adjective (masculine/neuter)
  Gerundive/Future Passive Participle
  Derived from root 'dhṛṣ' (to dare, attack) + 'a' (ka) suffix.
  Root: dhṛṣ (class 5)

रामवाक्यप्रचोदिताः (rāmavākyapracoditāḥ) - impelled by Rama's words, instigated by Rama's command

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of rāmavākyapracodita

rāmavākyapracodita - impelled by Rama's words

Past Passive Participle

Compound of 'rāma' (Rama) + 'vākya' (word) + 'pracodita' (impelled, past passive participle of 'pracud').

Compound type : tatpurusha (rāma+vākya+pracodita)

• rāma – Rama (proper name), pleasing, dark
  proper noun (masculine)
• vākya – word, speech, sentence, statement
  noun (neuter)
• pracodita – impelled, instigated, urged
  adjective (masculine/neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root 'cud' (to urge, impel) with prefix 'pra-' + 'kta' suffix.
  Prefix: pra
  Root: cud (class 10)

यथानिदेशम् (yathānideśam) - as instructed (according to instruction, as ordered)

(indeclinable)

Avyayībhāva compound of 'yathā' (as) + 'nideśa' (instruction).

Compound type : avyayībhāva (yathā+nideśa)

• yathā – as, just as, according to
  indeclinable
• nideśa – order, instruction, command
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root 'diś' (to point, direct) with prefix 'ni-'.
  Prefix: ni
  Root: diś (class 6)

Note: Adverbial accusative of an avyayībhāva compound.

संपीड्य (saṁpīḍya) - having severely pressed (besieged) (having oppressed, having tormented, having besieged)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive/Gerund

From root 'pīḍ' (to oppress, torment) with prefix 'sam-' + 'lyaP' suffix.

Prefix: sam

Root: pīḍ (class 10)

न्यविशन्त (nyaviśanta) - they stationed themselves (they entered, they settled, they stationed themselves)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of viś

Imperfect active 3rd plural

From root 'viś' (to enter) with prefix 'ni-' and augment 'a' (for Imperfect).

Prefix: ni

Root: viś (class 6)

वनौकसः (vanaukasaḥ) - forest-dwellers (vanaukasaḥ) (forest-dwellers, monkeys (literally 'dwelling in the forest'))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vanaukas

vanaukas - forest-dweller, monkey

Bahuvrīhi compound: 'vane' (in the forest) 'okas' (dwelling).

Compound type : bahuvrihi (vana+okas)

• vana – forest, wood, grove
  noun (neuter)
• okas – dwelling, house, abode
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from root 'vas' (to dwell) + 'asun' suffix.
  Root: vas (class 1)

Previous Verse Next Verse