वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-31, verse-79

रावणस्तु परं चक्रे क्रोधं प्रासादधर्षणात् ।
विनाशं चात्मनः पश्यन्निःश्वासपरमो ऽभवत् ॥७९॥

79. rāvaṇastu paraṃ cakre krodhaṃ prāsādadharṣaṇāt ,
vināśaṃ cātmanaḥ paśyanniḥśvāsaparamo'bhavat.

79. rāvaṇaḥ tu param cakre krodham prāsādadharṣaṇāt
vināśam ca ātmanaḥ paśyan niḥśvāsaparamaḥ abhavat

79. rāvaṇaḥ tu prāsādadharṣaṇāt param krodham cakre
ca ātmanaḥ vināśam paśyan niḥśvāsaparamaḥ abhavat

79. Rāvaṇa, however, felt immense anger over the assault on his palace; perceiving his own destruction, he became overcome with deep sighs.

Words meanings summery:

• रावणः (rāvaṇaḥ) - Rāvaṇa (Rāvaṇa (proper noun))

• तु (tu) - however (but, indeed, however)

• परम् (param) - immense, extreme (supreme, utmost, great)

• चक्रे (cakre) - he felt, he manifested (he did, he made)

• क्रोधम् (krodham) - anger (anger, wrath)

• प्रासादधर्षणात् (prāsādadharṣaṇāt) - over the assault on his palace (from the assault/molestation of the palace)

• विनाशम् (vināśam) - destruction (destruction, ruin)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• आत्मनः (ātmanaḥ) - his own (destruction) (of himself, of the self)

• पश्यन् (paśyan) - perceiving, while seeing (seeing, while seeing)

• निःश्वासपरमः (niḥśvāsaparamaḥ) - overcome with deep sighs (whose highest state is sighing, filled with sighs, exceedingly sighing)

• अभवत् (abhavat) - he became (he became, he was)

Words meanings and morphology

रावणः (rāvaṇaḥ) - Rāvaṇa (Rāvaṇa (proper noun))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rāvaṇa

rāvaṇa - Rāvaṇa (proper name of the demon king of Laṅkā)

Note: Subject of the sentence

तु (tu) - however (but, indeed, however)

(indeclinable)

परम् (param) - immense, extreme (supreme, utmost, great)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of parama

parama - supreme, highest, ultimate, utmost, excellent, chief

Note: Adverbial usage, modifying the degree of anger or the verb 'cakre'

चक्रे (cakre) - he felt, he manifested (he did, he made)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, perfect (lit) of √kṛ

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Used transitively with 'krodham'

क्रोधम् (krodham) - anger (anger, wrath)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of krodha

krodha - anger, wrath, rage

From √kudh (to be angry)

Root: kudh (class 4)

Note: Object of 'cakre'

प्रासादधर्षणात् (prāsādadharṣaṇāt) - over the assault on his palace (from the assault/molestation of the palace)

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of prāsādadharṣaṇa

prāsādadharṣaṇa - assault/molestation of a palace

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (prāsāda+dharṣaṇa)

• prāsāda – palace, mansion
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: pra
  Root: sad (class 1)
• dharṣaṇa – assault, molestation, violation
  noun (neuter)
  action noun
  From √dhṛṣ (to dare, attack)
  Root: dhṛṣ (class 1)

Note: Indicates the cause of anger

विनाशम् (vināśam) - destruction (destruction, ruin)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vināśa

vināśa - destruction, ruin, loss, disappearance

From vi- + √naś (to perish, destroy)

Prefix: vi

Root: naś (class 4)

Note: Object of 'paśyan'

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects clauses; 'and' in the sense of 'also' or 'additionally'

आत्मनः (ātmanaḥ) - his own (destruction) (of himself, of the self)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - self, soul, spirit, essence

Note: Possessive with 'vināśam'

पश्यन् (paśyan) - perceiving, while seeing (seeing, while seeing)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of paśyat

paśyat - seeing

Present Active Participle

From √dṛś (to see), with 'paśya' stem

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'rāvaṇaḥ', indicating simultaneous action

निःश्वासपरमः (niḥśvāsaparamaḥ) - overcome with deep sighs (whose highest state is sighing, filled with sighs, exceedingly sighing)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of niḥśvāsaparama

niḥśvāsaparama - whose chief state is sighing, full of sighs

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (niḥśvāsa+parama)

• niḥśvāsa – sigh, deep breath, exhalation
  noun (masculine)
  action noun
  From nis- + √śvas (to breathe)
  Prefix: nis
  Root: śvas (class 2)
• parama – supreme, highest, utmost, excellent, chief
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Predicate adjective for Rāvaṇa

अभवत् (abhavat) - he became (he became, he was)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of √bhū

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Main verb of the second clause

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