वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-31, verse-4

वाताश्च परुषं वान्ति कम्पते च वसुंधरा ।
पर्वताग्राणि वेपन्ते पतन्ति धरणीधराः ॥४॥

4. vātāśca paruṣaṃ vānti kampate ca vasuṃdharā ,
parvatāgrāṇi vepante patanti dharaṇīdharāḥ.

4. vātāḥ ca paruṣam vānti kampate ca vasundharā
parvatāgrāṇi vepante patanti dharaṇīdharāḥ

4. vātāḥ ca paruṣam vānti,
vasundharā ca kampate.
parvatāgrāṇi vepante,
dharaṇīdharāḥ patanti

4. The winds blow fiercely, and the earth itself quakes. Mountain peaks tremble, and even mountains collapse.

Words meanings summery:

• वाताः (vātāḥ) - the winds (winds)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• परुषम् (paruṣam) - fiercely (harshly, roughly, cruelly)

• वान्ति (vānti) - they blow

• कम्पते (kampate) - quakes (trembles, shakes)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• वसुन्धरा (vasundharā) - the earth (the earth (bearer of wealth))

• पर्वताग्राणि (parvatāgrāṇi) - mountain peaks (mountain peaks, tops of mountains)

• वेपन्ते (vepante) - they tremble (they tremble, they shake)

• पतन्ति (patanti) - they collapse (they fall, they drop)

• धरणीधराः (dharaṇīdharāḥ) - mountains (earth-bearers, mountains)

Words meanings and morphology

वाताः (vātāḥ) - the winds (winds)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vāta

vāta - wind, air, breeze

From root vā (to blow), with suffix -ta.

Root: vā (class 2)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

परुषम् (paruṣam) - fiercely (harshly, roughly, cruelly)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of paruṣa

paruṣa - harsh, rough, cruel, severe

Note: Functions as an adverb modifying 'vānti'.

वान्ति (vānti) - they blow

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of vā

Present indicative, 3rd person plural, active

Third person plural active present indicative form of the root vā.

Root: vā (class 2)

कम्पते (kampate) - quakes (trembles, shakes)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of kamp

Present indicative, 3rd person singular, middle

Third person singular middle (ātmanepada) present indicative form of the root kamp.

Root: kamp (class 1)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

वसुन्धरा (vasundharā) - the earth (the earth (bearer of wealth))

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of vasundharā

vasundharā - the earth (literally 'bearer of wealth')

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vasu+dhara)

• vasu – wealth, treasure, good, excellent
  noun (neuter)
  Root: vas (class 1)
• dhara – bearing, holding, supporting
  adjective (masculine)
  From root dhṛ (to hold, support), with agent suffix -a.
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Subject of 'kampate'.

पर्वताग्राणि (parvatāgrāṇi) - mountain peaks (mountain peaks, tops of mountains)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of parvatāgra

parvatāgra - mountain peak, top of a mountain

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (parvata+agra)

• parvata – mountain, hill
  noun (masculine)
  From root pṛ (to fill), implying a raised mass.
  Root: pṛ
• agra – top, point, peak, front
  noun (neuter)
  Root: aj

Note: Subject of 'vepante'.

वेपन्ते (vepante) - they tremble (they tremble, they shake)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, present (laṭ) of vep

Present indicative, 3rd person plural, middle

Third person plural middle (ātmanepada) present indicative form of the root vep.

Root: vep (class 1)

पतन्ति (patanti) - they collapse (they fall, they drop)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of pat

Present indicative, 3rd person plural, active

Third person plural active present indicative form of the root pat.

Root: pat (class 1)

धरणीधराः (dharaṇīdharāḥ) - mountains (earth-bearers, mountains)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of dharaṇīdhara

dharaṇīdhara - earth-bearer, mountain

Compound type : upapada tatpuruṣa (dharaṇī+dhara)

• dharaṇī – earth, ground, soil
  noun (feminine)
  From root dhṛ (to hold, support).
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• dhara – bearing, holding, supporting
  adjective (masculine)
  From root dhṛ (to hold, support), with agent suffix -a.
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Subject of 'patanti'.

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