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0,43

मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्       mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam - chapter-43, verse-73

काशिराज उवाच ।
किमलर्क परित्यक्तं राज्यं ते संयुगं विना ।
क्षत्रियस्य न धर्मोऽयं भवांश्च क्षत्रधर्मवित् ॥७३॥
73. kāśirāja uvāca .
kimalarka parityaktaṃ rājyaṃ te saṃyugaṃ vinā .
kṣatriyasya na dharmo'yaṃ bhavāṃśca kṣatradharmavit.
73. kāśirāja uvāca kim alarka parityaktam rājyam te saṃyugam
vinā kṣatriyasya na dharmaḥ ayam bhavān ca kṣatradharmavit
73. The King of Kashi spoke: "Why, O Alarka, have you abandoned the kingdom without a battle? This is not the intrinsic nature (dharma) of a kshatriya, and you yourself are a knower of the kshatriya's duty (dharma)."

Words meanings summery:

(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)

  • काशिराज (kāśirāja) - King of Kashi
  • उवाच (uvāca) - spoke, said
  • किम् (kim) - why, what
  • अलर्क (alarka) - O Alarka
  • परित्यक्तम् (parityaktam) - abandoned, given up, forsaken
  • राज्यम् (rājyam) - kingdom, sovereignty
  • ते (te) - by you
  • संयुगम् (saṁyugam) - battle, combat, conflict
  • विना (vinā) - without, except for
  • क्षत्रियस्य (kṣatriyasya) - of a kshatriya
  • (na) - not, no
  • धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - duty, righteousness, law, intrinsic nature (dharma)
  • अयम् (ayam) - this, he
  • भवान् (bhavān) - you (honorific)
  • (ca) - and, also
  • क्षत्रधर्मवित् (kṣatradharmavit) - knower of kshatriya duty (dharma)

Words meanings and morphology

काशिराज (kāśirāja) - King of Kashi
(proper noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of kāśirāja
kāśirāja - King of Kashi
Compound type : genitive tatpurusha (kāśi+rāja)
  • kāśi – Kashi (an ancient city and kingdom)
    proper noun (masculine)
  • rāja – king, ruler
    noun (masculine)
    Root: rāj (class 1)
उवाच (uvāca) - spoke, said
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac
perfect tense
Perfect 3rd singular active of √vac (class 2 Parasmaipada)
Root: vac (class 2)
किम् (kim) - why, what
(indeclinable)
अलर्क (alarka) - O Alarka
(proper noun)
Vocative, masculine, singular of alarka
alarka - Alarka (a king)
परित्यक्तम् (parityaktam) - abandoned, given up, forsaken
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, singular of parityakta
parityakta - abandoned, forsaken, given up
past passive participle
Past passive participle of √tyaj (to abandon) with prefix pari-
Prefix: pari
Root: tyaj (class 1)
राज्यम् (rājyam) - kingdom, sovereignty
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of rājya
rājya - kingdom, sovereignty, rule
ते (te) - by you
(pronoun)
singular of yuṣmad
yuṣmad - you
Note: Here used in the instrumental sense 'by you'.
संयुगम् (saṁyugam) - battle, combat, conflict
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of saṃyuga
saṁyuga - battle, combat, conflict
Prefix: sam
Root: yuj (class 7)
विना (vinā) - without, except for
(indeclinable)
क्षत्रियस्य (kṣatriyasya) - of a kshatriya
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, singular of kṣatriya
kṣatriya - member of the warrior class, kshatriya
(na) - not, no
(indeclinable)
धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - duty, righteousness, law, intrinsic nature (dharma)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of dharma
dharma - duty, righteousness, law, intrinsic nature (dharma), constitution
Root: dhṛ (class 1)
अयम् (ayam) - this, he
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of idam
idam - this, he, she, it
भवान् (bhavān) - you (honorific)
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of bhavat
bhavat - you (honorific), your honor
Note: Used as an honorific second-person pronoun.
(ca) - and, also
(indeclinable)
क्षत्रधर्मवित् (kṣatradharmavit) - knower of kshatriya duty (dharma)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of kṣatradharmavid
kṣatradharmavid - knower of kshatriya duty/law/nature
Compound type : tatpurusha (kṣatradharma+vid)
  • kṣatradharma – duty/law/nature of a kshatriya, kshatriya's intrinsic nature (dharma)
    noun (masculine)
  • vid – knower, knowing
    adjective (masculine)
    Derived from √vid (to know)
    Root: vid (class 2)